Diagnostic value of salivary CRP and IL-6 in patients undergoing anti-TNF-alpha therapy for rheumatic disease

Sikorska, Dorota; Orzechowska, Zofia; Rutkowski, Rafał; Prymas, Anna; Mrall-Wechta, Marta; Bednarek-Hatlińska, D.; Roszak, Magdalena; Surdacka, Anna; Samborski, Włodzimierz; Witowski, Janusz

doi:10.1007/s10787-018-0515-8

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In theory, elevated circulating IL‐6 may result in higher serum CRP levels. In one recent study, Sikorska et al 31 found that serum IL‐6 is positively correlated with serum CRP but not salivary IL‐6. Minetto et al 32 also demonstrated that no significant correlation was found between serum and salivary IL‐6 levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Use of saliva sample to detect C‐reactive protein in children with pneumonia

Tsai

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker for inflammation and is broadly used to clinically diagnose infectious diseases, including pneumonia. However, blood sampling is fraught with technical difficulties in children. The salivary analysis may be a potential diagnostic tool, as it is noninvasive, patient‐friendly, and easy to perform in children. This study aimed to evaluate the use of salivary CRP as a biomarker for children with pneumonia. Methods A prospective study was conducted in patients aged 2 to 17 years, admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. Saliva and serum samples for CRP and chemokine determination were collected at the initial admission and during a follow‐up from pediatric patients with pneumonia. Salivary samples were also collected from healthy subjects used as controls. Results A total of 60 healthy children and 106 pediatric patients with pneumonia were enrolled in this study. The salivary CRP level was much higher in pediatric patients with pneumonia than in healthy children (48.77 ± 5.52 ng/mL vs 14.78 ± 3.92 ng/mL; P < .001). Salivary CRP level was highly correlated with serum CRP level in pediatric patients with pneumonia (r = .679; P < .001). Salivary CRP level (≥40.307 ng/mL) can be used to predict high serum CRP levels (≥80 mg/L) with an area under the curve of 0.810 (95% confidence interval, 0.740–0.881). As pneumonia improved, both salivary and serum CRP levels decreased during follow‐up. Conclusions Salivary CRP could be an alternative biomarker for serum CRP in pediatric patients with pneumonia. This is especially beneficial for pediatric patients, as saliva collection is simple, noninvasive, and patient‐friendly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Use of saliva sample to detect C‐reactive protein in children with pneumonia

Tsai

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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“…An explanation to this could lie within IL-6, which is known not to decrease in saliva or in circulation in several chronic inflammatory conditions after immunomodulatory treatment. 38 , 39 Given that our STRING-analysis revealed that IL-6 orchestrates the expression of the rest of the significantly altered proteins, it would therefore not be surprising that no other proteins were affected by treatment. Observing this condition from another angle, it would be interesting to assess whether this effect, or rather the lack of it, remains after IL-6 blockade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salivary and Serum Inflammatory Profiles Reflect Different Aspects of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity

Majster

Lira-Júnior

Höög

et al. 2020

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can manifest both macroscopically and microscopically in the oral cavity; however, little is known about salivary changes in IBD. Therefore, this study aimed to assess salivary and circulatory inflammatory profiles in IBD and to compare their potential to reflect the presence and activity of IBD. Methods We measured 92 known inflammatory proteins in serum and in unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva samples from patients with IBD with active intestinal inflammation (n = 21) and matched control patients (n = 22) by proximity extension assay. Fifteen of the patients with IBD returned 10 to 12 weeks after treatment escalation for resampling. Results Sixty-seven of the proteins were detected in all 3 sample fluids but formed distinct clusters in serum and saliva. Twenty-one inflammatory proteins were significantly increased and 4 were significantly decreased in the serum of patients with IBD compared with that of the control patients. Two of the increased serum proteins, IL-6 and MMP-10, were also significantly increased in stimulated saliva of patients with IBD and correlated positively to their expressions in serum. None of the investigated proteins in serum or saliva were significantly altered by IBD treatment at follow-up. Overall, inflammatory proteins in serum correlated to biochemical status, and salivary proteins correlated positively to clinical parameters reflecting disease activity. Conclusions Saliva and serum inflammatory profiles in IBD share a similar composition but reflect different aspects of disease activity. The oral cavity reflects IBD through elevated IL-6 and MMP-10 in stimulated saliva.

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“…Not only the major saliva glycoproteins but also the minor saliva proteins are involved in a body's defense mechanism. 35 However, urine samples were taken again after the treatment, and it was seen that both the urine CRP and urine sTREM-1 levels had decreased. This was associated with the regression of the infection and the occurrence of the antibiotic response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Urine sTREM-1 and Urine C-reactive Protein for Infants with Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Özdemir

Çolak

Ergon

et al. 2019

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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Objective Noninvasive markers have been increasingly used as a diagnostic marker for sepsis detection and monitoring of the disease. The aim of this observational, prospective pilot study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of urinary soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and urine C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the late onset neonatal sepsis and to compare them with serum CRP levels. Materials and Methods Sixty-six infants with clinical sepsis were included. Urine sTREM-1 and urine CRP were collected at the diagnosis of late-onset sepsis. All laboratory investigations were also noted from the infants. Results There were no significant differences between characteristics of the infants. Culture-positive neonates had significantly higher urine sTREM-1 than culture-negative neonates (p < 0.001). Using a cut-off point for urine sTREM-1 of 129 pg/mL, the sensitivity was 0.63, the specificity was 0.84, positive predictive value was 0.80, negative predictive value was 0.70. Urine sTREM-1 and urine CRP were recollected on the seventh day of sepsis treatment and it was found that the levels of sTREM-1 and CRP decreased. Conclusion This is the first study in the literature which evaluates the place of urine sTREM-1 and urine CRP in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Urine sTREM-1 and urine CRP may be useful in the diagnosis of sepsis and in evaluating the effect of antibiotic treatment.

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Diagnostic value of salivary CRP and IL-6 in patients undergoing anti-TNF-alpha therapy for rheumatic disease

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Use of saliva sample to detect C‐reactive protein in children with pneumonia

Use of saliva sample to detect C‐reactive protein in children with pneumonia

Salivary and Serum Inflammatory Profiles Reflect Different Aspects of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity

Diagnostic Value of Urine sTREM-1 and Urine C-reactive Protein for Infants with Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis

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