Diagnostic tools for the detection of taeniid eggs in different environmental matrices: A systematic review.

Saelens, Ganna; Robertson, Lucy J.; Gabriël, Sarah

doi:10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00145

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Intestinal parasites are transmitted through infected objects such as food, drink, dirt, and even a person's finger ( 22 , 23 ). Although there are multiple routes for intestinal parasites to be transmitted, several studies have shown that hand-to-mouth transmission is a more common cause of parasitic infection ( 24 – 26 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Duguma¹,

Tekalign²

2023

IJPA

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Background: Intestinal parasites are responsible for a significant amount of disease and mortality around the world. In developing nations, intestinal parasites are a severe public health issue. Intestinal parasite infections are one of the most common illnesses in the world. They're frequently linked to poor personal and environmental cleanliness, as well as low-quality drinking water. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites and their shifting trends during a five-year period at Mizan-Tepi University of Teaching Hospital (MTUTH). Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective survey using the past five years' (2017 to 2021) clinical records obtained from MTUTH Mizan-Aman town Southern west Ethiopia. Patients with complete age, sex, and stool parasite examination (direct wet mount or concentration techniques) records on the parasitology registration book were included. Data were entered and analysed using a Microsoft Excel sheet. The parasite prevalence was calculated using frequency and percentages. Results: Overall, 17,030 patient records of the past five years were reviewed from the registration books of parasitology laboratory departments at MTUTH and only 546 records were taken for this study. Of these 336 (61.50%) were female and the rest 210 (38.50%) were males. One hundred eighty-two (182) 33.33% of patients had one or more intestinal parasites over five years from 2017 to 2021. From total of 546 patients’ records 17.77% in 2017, 18.89% in 2018, 23.44% in 2019, 19.96% in 2020 and 19.96% in 2021 had complete information. Conclusion: Intestinal parasite prevalence was high among patients who visited the Mizan-Tepi University of Teaching Hospital during the five-year period. Helminthes and protozoan parasites prevalence was higher in the 15–45 years age category. In order to avoid intestinal parasite-related disease, strategies other than mass drug administration are required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Duguma¹,

Tekalign²

2023

IJPA

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“…The two washing solutions were selected based on their widespread availability and low cost. Tween 80 was specifically selected for its detergent properties and frequent use in previous studies to recover eggs from various environmental matrices [ 26 , 34 ]. We observed that washing with Tween 80 significantly improved the recovery of eggs compared to washing with PBS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in fact, the application of diverse and unvalidated recovery techniques hampers the correct interpretation and comparison of interstudy results. Moreover, detailed descriptions of these techniques and the rationale underlying their implementation often remain undisclosed [ 26 ]. Also, several of these techniques can influence the viability of parasite eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of protocols for Taenia saginata and Ascaris suum egg recovery from the house fly’s gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton

De Bock,

Duchateau,

Levecke

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background The synanthropic house fly (Musca domestica) can potentially contribute to the mechanical spread of eggs of Taenia and Ascaris spp. in the environment and between hosts. However, the absence of validated protocols to recover eggs hampers an in-depth analysis of the house fly's role in parasite egg transmission. Methods The gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton of euthanized house flies were spiked with Taenia saginata eggs. The performance of several recovery protocols, in terms of both the recovery rate and ease-of-use, was (microscopically) evaluated and compared. These protocols employed steps such as washing, maceration, filtration, flotation and both passive and centrifugal sedimentation. The final validated protocols were subsequently evaluated for the recovery of Ascaris suum eggs. Results The final protocol validated for the recovery of T. saginata eggs from the house fly’s gastrointestinal tract involved homogenization in phosphate-buffered saline and centrifugation at 2000 g for 2 min, yielding a recovery rate of 79.7%. This protocol required 6.5 min to perform (which included 1.5 min of hands-on time) and removed large debris particles that could hinder the differentiation of eggs from debris. Similarly, the final protocol validated for the recovery of T. saginata eggs from the fly’s exoskeleton involved washing by vortexing for 2 min in Tween 80 (0.05%), 15 min of passive sedimentation and centrifugation at 2000 g for 2 min, yielding a recovery rate of 77.4%. This protocol required 20.5 min to perform (which included 3.5 min of hands-on time) and successfully removed debris. The same protocols yielded recovery rates of 74.2% and 91.5% for the recovery of A. suum eggs from the fly’s gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton, respectively. Conclusions Effective, simple and easy-to-use protocols were developed and validated for the recovery of T. saginata and A. suum eggs from the house fly’s gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton. These protocols can be applied to investigate the importance of flies as parasite egg transmitters in laboratory and field settings. Graphical Abstract

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“…In addition, the parasite has free-living stage outside of a host as embryonated eggs. The eggs can be found in environmental mediums such as water, soil, and on surfaces of vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms ( Szostakowska et al, 2014 ; Lass et al, 2015 ; Lass et al, 2019 ; Barlaam et al, 2021 ; Saelens, Robertson & Gabriël, 2022 ). Most of the study on detection of Taeniids in environmental mediums were aimed at finding potential transmission route by seeking intact eggs, and were often processed through filtration, sedimentation and flotation for isolating the eggs and visual confirmation by microscope, before using PCR to confirm the species ( Saelens, Robertson & Gabriël, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eggs can be found in environmental mediums such as water, soil, and on surfaces of vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms ( Szostakowska et al, 2014 ; Lass et al, 2015 ; Lass et al, 2019 ; Barlaam et al, 2021 ; Saelens, Robertson & Gabriël, 2022 ). Most of the study on detection of Taeniids in environmental mediums were aimed at finding potential transmission route by seeking intact eggs, and were often processed through filtration, sedimentation and flotation for isolating the eggs and visual confirmation by microscope, before using PCR to confirm the species ( Saelens, Robertson & Gabriël, 2022 ). These studies would not detect DNA of the parasite from sources other than intact eggs, such as those that might be found in bloods and carcasses of intermediate hosts, adult worms that ejected from definitive hosts after it died or failed to attach to the intestinal walls, or remains of eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in repurposed environmental DNA samples from river water

Mori

Imamura

Hirayama

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Environmental DNA (eDNA) is an increasingly popular tool in biological and ecological studies. As a biproduct of its increasing use, large number of eDNA samples are being collected and stored, that potentially contain information of many non-target species. One potential use for these eDNA samples is a surveillance and early detection of pathogens and parasites that are otherwise difficult to detect. Echinococcus multilocularis is such a parasite with serious zoonotic concern, and whose range has been expanding. If eDNA samples from various studies can be repurposed in detecting the parasite, it can significantly reduce the costs and efforts in surveillance and early detection of the parasite. We designed and tested a new set of primer-probe for detecting E. multilocularis mitochondrial DNA in environmental medium. Using this primer-probe set, we conducted real-time PCR on repurposed eDNA samples collected from three streams flowing through an area of Japan endemic to the parasite. We detected the DNA of E. multilocularis in one of the 128 samples (0.78%). The discovery suggests that while detecting E. multilocularis using eDNA samples is possible, the rate of detection appear to be very low. However, given the naturally low prevalence of the parasite among wild hosts in endemic areas, the repurposed eDNAs may still be a valid option for surveillance in newly introduced areas with the reduced cost and efforts. Further work is needed to assess and improve the effectiveness of using eDNA for detection of E. multilocularis.

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Diagnostic tools for the detection of taeniid eggs in different environmental matrices: A systematic review.

Cited by 9 publications

References 113 publications

A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

A Five-Year Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Performance evaluation of protocols for Taenia saginata and Ascaris suum egg recovery from the house fly’s gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton

Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in repurposed environmental DNA samples from river water

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