Diagnostic tests for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in preschool children

Samtani, Aarti; Sterling-Levis, Katy; Scholten, R. J. P. M.; Woolfenden, Susan; Hooft, Lotty; Williams, Katrina

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009044

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The reference standard tools for diagnosing ASD using a multidisciplinary team include the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ( 4 , 5 ). To aid diagnosis, other tools have been developed, with the most widely used being the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) (reviewed in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Epigenetic Change in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by problems with social communication, social interaction, and repetitive or restricted behaviors. ASD are comorbid with other disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, Rett syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome. Neither the genetic nor the environmental components have been characterized well enough to aid diagnosis or treatment of non-syndromic ASD. However, genome-wide association studies have amassed evidence suggesting involvement of hundreds of genes and a variety of associated genetic pathways. Recently, investigators have turned to epigenetics, a prime mediator of environmental effects on genomes and phenotype, to characterize changes in ASD that constitute a molecular level on top of DNA sequence. Though in their infancy, such studies have the potential to increase our understanding of the etiology of ASD and may assist in the development of biomarkers for its prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and eventually in its prevention and intervention. This review focuses on the first few epigenome-wide association studies of ASD and discusses future directions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Epigenetic Change in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015

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“…the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale‐Generic (ADOS‐G) and Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised (ADI‐R)) are expensive, require specific training and are time consuming. A Cochrane review of the ADOS‐G, ADI‐R, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders and the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview is underway . Of note, most diagnostic tools are not designed for children under 3 years of age, and all will need to be revalidated in line with DSM‐5.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Cochrane review of the ADOS-G, ADI-R, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, 12 Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, 13 Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders 14 and the Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview 15 is underway. 16 Of note, most diagnostic tools are not designed for children under 3 years of age, and all will need to be revalidated in line with DSM-5.…”

Section: Main Points Raised In the Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism in context 2: Assessment, intervention and services in Australia

Williams

Woolfenden

Roberts

et al. 2014

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Continuing from part 1, part 2 of the autism spectrum disorders review explores clinical practice and service delivery aspects of autism spectrum disorders including current assessment approaches in Australia, family-centred models of care, and key service structure and delivery issues. Treatments including behavioural interventions, established and emergent medication, and complementary and alternative therapies are discussed. The key role of paediatricians as both individual child and family care providers and advocates, as well as agents of service reform in Australia, is evident. Much still needs to be done.

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