Diagnostic Profile of Corpus Callosum Anomalies at a Tertiary Center: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest connective structure located in the midline of the brain. It plays an important role in the integration and exchange of information between both brain hemispheres. It transfers motor, sensory and cognitive information between the two hemispheres. 1 Anomalies of the CC (ACCs) occur when midline fibers do not develop or cannot cross the midline. 2,3 Callosal abnormalities have been described in various congenital metabolic diseases, chromosomal abnormalities, and syndromes. [2][3][4][5] Probable CC abnormalities include complete or partial agenesis, an increased (hyperplasia) or reduced thickness (hypoplasia), or an abnormal configuration (dysgenesis/dysplasia). 6 The exact incidence of agenesis of CC is difficult to estimate because the reported data usually include case series from tertiary referral centers. 7,8 Also, the prevalence could be underestimated frequently due to a large proportion of asymptomatic cases eluded detection. Emerging studies reported that the combined prevalence of agenesis of the CC or hypoplasia of the CC (HCC) was 1.4-1.8 per 10,000 live births. 9,10 All CC abnormalities can be isolated without additional anomalies or may occur together with other cerebral or extracerebral congenital defects. [11][12][13] The reported prevalence of associated anomalies accompanying ACC in different studies varies widely be-