Background It is well known that the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the
most widespread peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome throughout the world. CTS
can also be seen more often in rheumatic disease, especially in psoriatic
arthritis (PsA). Usage of ultrasonography to diagnose CTS has been the subject
of investigations for many years. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a newly
developed ultrasonographic technique to visualise vascularity. More recently,
there have been some studies on the diagnosis of CTS with SMI. However, a review
of the literature reveals that there there has been no study on the diagnosis of
CTS in PsA. This is the subject of the present report, where we evaluate the
diagnostic value of SMI in CTS in patients with PsA.
Materials and methods 30 PsA patients (56 wrists) and 26 healthy
volunteers (52 wrists) were examined in the study. Demographic and clinical
features were recorded carefully. All participants underwent a standard
electrodiagnostic study (EDS) and ultrasonographic examination within a maximum
of one week. CTS was diagnosed using EDS. The vascularity of the median nerve
was examined using a new ultrasonographic technique. SMI signals were graded
from 0 to 3.
Results There were no significant differences between groups, with respect
to their age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, and hand dominance.
Although CTS was diagnosed in 9 patients (14 wrists) in the PsA group, CTS was
not diagnosed for any patient in the control group (p=0.002). The blood
flow display ratio of SMI in the median nerve was markedly higher in CTS
patients than with controls (median (25th, 75th percentile): 2(0.75, 2), 1(0,
2); p=0.014; respectively) or compared with CTS-free PsA patients
(2(0.75, 2), 1(0, 2); p=0.030; respectively). There was no remarkable
difference between PsA patients and healthy controls with respect to the median
nerve’s blood flow display ratio (median (25th, 75th percentile): 1(0,
2), 1(0, 2); p=0.164; respectively).
Conclusion To the best our knowledge, this is the first study assessing
SMI in the diagnosis of CTS in PsA patients. We concluded that SMI has important
diagnostic value in PsA patients for diagnosing CTS.