Diagnostic Overlap of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder in a Primary Care Sample

Zbozinek, D B A Tomislav; Rose, Raphael D.; Wolitzky-Taylor, Kate; Sherbourne, Cathy D.; Sullivan, M.; Stein, M.P.H. Murray B.; Roy‐Byrne, Peter; Craske, Michelle G.

doi:10.1002/da.22026

Cited by 174 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In line with prior studies, poststroke anxiety was a significant predictor of poststroke depression (Ayerbe et al, 2013;Morrison, Pollard, Johnston, & MacWalter, 2005;Schöttke & Giabbiconi, 2015), and poststroke depression was a significant predictor of poststroke anxiety (Kroeders, Benhardt, & Cumming, 2013). Our findings and reports in previous studies support the recursive interconnections linking the brain regions involved in anxiety and depression (Zbozinek et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Depression and anxiety one month after stroke

Shin¹,

Sin

Lee

et al. 2016

Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal

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Depression and anxiety after stroke negatively affect patient outcomes; however, health care professionals may overlook poststroke depression and anxiety while they focus on the physical disabilities of patients soon after a stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of depression, anxiety, or both concurrently at one month after stroke. We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study in a sample of 231 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke in Korea. Data were collected by interviews using a series of structured questionnaires in addition to clinical data retrieved from patients' medical records. More than 70% were identified as depressed, 45.9% experienced anxiety, and 43.7% had concurrent depression and anxiety. Using a multiple logistic regression analysis, we identified anxiety as a predictor of depression; depression as a predictor of anxiety; and female sex, headaches, and swallowing difficulty as predictors of the comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Periodical screenings for poststroke depression and anxiety from an early stage in a hospital to years after stroke in a community are recommended to provide better chances for early identification of patients at risk because depression and anxiety may manifest at any stage of recovery. Special attention should be given to individuals with culturebound somatic symptoms in addition to female patients and those who have difficulty swallowing among Korean stroke patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Depression and anxiety one month after stroke

Shin¹,

Sin

Lee

et al. 2016

Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal

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“…The clinical evaluation versus self-reporting of symptoms can influence the reported presence of PPD (Zbozinek et al 2012). Depression may influence individual negative attributions, and consequently, the exclusive use of self-report measures may be an inaccurate diagnostic tool.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin and depression in the perinatal period—a systematic review

Moura

Canavarro

Figueiredo-Braga

2016

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common postnatal psychiatric disorder, and it represents a considerable problem to the health and well-being of women and their families. Several pathogenic mechanisms have been identified in PPD, and recently, oxytocin (OT), known to be involved in childbirth and lactation, has drawn attention as a possible diagnostic and therapeutic tool in this disorder. The aim of this review was to assess and summarize the current literature on the relationship between OT as a potential depressive biomarker and depression in the perinatal period. We conducted a literature search on four electronic databases (Pubmed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Science Direct) by applying the following search terms: oxytocin AND (postpartum OR postnatal OR perinatal OR peripartum) AND (depression OR depressive). Six studies were included and a total of 620 pregnant women were recruited and completed the follow-up. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using self-report scales, and in three studies, the diagnosis of major depression was additionally confirmed using semi-structured interviews. Peripheral OT levels and depression were assessed during pregnancy and/or after delivery. Higher OT levels were associated with lower depressive symptoms, even if this association lacked statistical significance in two studies. Although some studies are beginning to shed light upon the complex nature of OT's effect in depression, its role as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in PPD is still unclear. Future research is needed to clarify the neuroendocrinological and psychosocial particularities of mothers with PPD and to define a specific profile associated with OT dysfunction.

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“…Second, most community samples use maternal self-reports. However, since depression alters the individual's negative attributions, exclusive use of self-reports may be less accurate than clinical diagnoses (5). Finally, children's social outcomes are typically not included in longitudinal studies, and direct observations of child social behavior in real-life situations beyond infancy rarely exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Maternal Depression Across the First 6 Years of Life on the Child’s Mental Health, Social Engagement, and Empathy: The Moderating Role of Oxytocin

Apter-Levy¹,

Feldman²,

Vakart³

et al. 2013

AJP

222

185

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Objective: Maternal depression across the postbirth period has long-term negative consequences for infant development. Little is known of the neurobiological underpinnings, but they could involve oxytocin, a neuropeptide that is dysfunctional in depression and is implicated in birth and parenting.Method: The authors recruited a community cohort of women with high or low depression scores 2 days after childbirth and measured depression again at 6 and 9 months. When the child was 6, the authors evaluated the families of 46 chronically depressed mothers and 103 mothers reporting no depression since childbirth. The child was assessed for psychiatric diagnoses, social engagement, and empathy. Mother, father, and child were tested for salivary oxytocin level and variation in the rs2254298 single nucleotide polymorphism on the OXTR gene.

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Diagnostic Overlap of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder in a Primary Care Sample

Cited by 174 publications

References 38 publications

Depression and anxiety one month after stroke

Depression and anxiety one month after stroke

Oxytocin and depression in the perinatal period—a systematic review

Impact of Maternal Depression Across the First 6 Years of Life on the Child’s Mental Health, Social Engagement, and Empathy: The Moderating Role of Oxytocin

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