Diagnostic of Temporomandibular Disorders and Other Facial Pain Conditions—Narrative Review and Personal Experience

Pihut, Małgorzata; Kulesa-Mrowiecka, Małgorzata; Chmura, Karolina; Gala, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/medicina56090472

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of disorders involving pain and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles [ 1 ]. The prevalence of TMDs is approximately 40% [ 2 ], with higher rates in individuals aged 20–40 years and in women [ 1 , 3 , 4 ]. The main symptoms of TMDs include pain in the face and TMJ area, the difficulty of mandibular movement, and TMJ noises during mandibular movement [ 1 ], which affects the quality of life for many patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yan

Wan

Xiao

et al. 2022

Pain Research and Management

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Purpose. We aimed to explore the relationship between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and craniofacial morphology in orthodontic patients. Methods. Altogether, 262 orthodontic patients were included and divided into two groups according to their Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) scores: a no-TMD group (control group, FAI < 20) and a TMD group (FAI ≥ 20). Cephalometric parameters including cranial, maxillary, mandibular, and dental parameters were traced on cephalograms. Craniofacial morphology was compared between TMD and control groups, followed by subgroup analyses based on TMD severity, gender, age, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms. Results. The prevalence of TMDs was 52.7% among included patients (138/262). The mean age of TMD patients was higher than that of the control group. No significant difference in gender distribution between the groups was observed. The most commonly reported FAI items were misaligned teeth, neck pain, and emotional tension. The Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) was larger in the TMD patients than in the control group, whereas no significant differences in other parameters were observed. Subgroup analysis based on TMD severity revealed that FMA and anterior facial height of moderate/severe TMD patients were significantly larger than those of mild or no-TMD patients. Among male patients, the anterior cranial base length was smaller, and the anterior facial height was larger in the TMD group. Among female patients, no significant differences in craniofacial morphology between the groups were observed. In juvenile patients, overjet and overbite were smaller in the TMD group. In adult patients, SNA, ANB, FMA, and gonial angle were larger in the TMD group. Within the TMD group, patients with TMJ pain or noises exhibited characteristic craniofacial features compared to patients without these symptoms. Conclusions. Orthodontic patients with TMDs have specific craniofacial morphology, suggesting a relationship between TMDs and particular craniofacial features in orthodontic patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yan

Wan

Xiao

et al. 2022

Pain Research and Management

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“…Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of conditions that cause pain and dysfunction of the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and the surrounding musculoskeletal structures (1). Being the third most prevalent social dental disease, TMD affects about 10-15% population across the world and the incidence is still rising (2,3). Typical symptoms of TMD include local pain, limited mandibular movement, and TMJ sounds during movement (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Impacts of Temporomandibular Disorders Symptoms and Tooth Loss on Psychological States and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

Weng¹,

Hou²,

Jiao³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundEmotion and quality of life may have been impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, especially in the lockdown. The impact of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) symptoms and tooth loss on mental status and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) are not fully understood in a stressful situation.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether TMD and tooth loss were the impaired risks of psychological states and OHRQoL in COVID-19 lockdown, and attempt to explore other potential risk factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study surveyed residents via an online self-reported questionnaire, when Yangzhou was in lockdown. Demographic data, clinical information, the level of anxiety, depression and OHRQoL were collected and analyzed.ResultsPainful TMD symptoms and tooth loss are the risks of more severe anxiety and depression. TMD symptoms and tooth loss worsened OHRQoL. Lower education degree (OR: 6.31, P = 0.019), TMD-related pain symptoms (OR: 10.62, P = 0.005), tooth loss (OR: 3.12, P = 0.035), sleep disorders (OR: 2.92, P = 0.049) and relatively close contacts (OR: 3.95, P = 0.020) were verified as risk factors for increased level of anxiety. With respect to depression, low socio-economic status (OR: 6.22, P = 0.021), TMD-related pain (OR: 7.35, P = 0.012), tooth loss (OR: 4.48, P = 0.009), sleep disorders (OR: 5.13, P = 0.007) and relatively close contacts (OR: 12.94, P = 0.001) were identified as independent factors for developing depression. Additionally, drinking (B: −2.584, P = 0.013) and never going to the dental clinic (B: −3.675, P = 0.024) were relevant to better OHRQoL, while TMD without pain (B: 2.797, P = 0.008), TMD-related pain (B: 12.079, P < 0.001), tooth loss (B: 2.546, P = 0.006), sleep disorders (B: 2.598, P = 0.003) were independent factors for impaired OHRQoL.ConclusionPainful TMD symptoms, tooth loss and sleep disorders were the impaired risks of psychological states. TMD symptoms and tooth loss damaged OHRQoL when the city was in lockdown. Therefore, individualized psychological counseling is supposed to maintain control of mental health and OHRQoL under the stressful event.

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“…In particular, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a collective term consisting of all the problems regarding the temporomandibular joint and related musculoskeletal structures. It is the third most prevalent social dental disease (Małgorzata et al, 2020) and has been reported to be associated with psychosocial factors (Rollman & Gillespie, 2000), such as previous trauma, stress symptoms, psychosocial impairment, and catastrophizing. The coronavirus pandemic, as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, might also have an impact on TMD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological status of TMD patients, orthodontic patients and the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic

Xiong

Fang

et al. 2020

Psychology, Health & Medicine

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Confronting the outbreak of COVID-19, this cross-sectional study was aimed to assess psychological status of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients, orthodontic patients and the general population in China during the pandemic. An online anonymous questionnaire was developed in Chinese, including the individual background information, the perception of the epidemic, and level of anxiety and depression through Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). The respondents were divided into ORTHO group, TMD group and Control group. Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression modelling were performed. In total, 1241 valid questionnaires were collected, covering 587 orthodontic patients and 220 TMD patients. It is shown that the overall mental health is not quite optimistic during the COVID-19 pandemic with the mean score of K10 being 18.65. TMD patients have higher level of anxiety and depression than orthodontic patients as well as the general population. Younger age, female gender, having close contact with individuals from Hubei province, higher self-rated infection possibility, concern about psychological barriers and distrust are negatively affecting patients' psychological status. Mental health care should be emphasized when hospitals and clinics reopen after the COVID-19 pandemic, especially to patients with these relevant characteristics.

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Diagnostic of Temporomandibular Disorders and Other Facial Pain Conditions—Narrative Review and Personal Experience

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Adverse Impacts of Temporomandibular Disorders Symptoms and Tooth Loss on Psychological States and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown

Psychological status of TMD patients, orthodontic patients and the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic

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