Diagnostic morphology: biophysical indicators for iron-driven inflammatory diseases

Pretorius, Etheresia; Kell, Douglas B.

doi:10.1039/c4ib00025k

Cited by 132 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 360 publications

(412 reference statements)

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“…in ref. [86][87][88], but both converge on terminal steps in which prothrombin is converted Fig. 1 Some risk factors, associated with hypercoagulability.…”

Section: Relationship Between Chronic Inflammation and Hypercoagulabimentioning

confidence: 99%

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The simultaneous occurrence of both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in blood and serum during systemic inflammation, and the roles of iron and fibrin(ogen)

Kell

Pretorius

2014

Integrative Biology

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127

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Although the two phenomena are usually studied separately, we summarise a considerable body of literature to the effect that a great many diseases involve (or are accompanied by) both an increased tendency for blood to clot (hypercoagulability) and the resistance of the clots so formed (hypofibrinolysis) to the typical, 'healthy' or physiological lysis. We concentrate here on the terminal stages of fibrin formation from fibrinogen, as catalysed by thrombin. Hypercoagulability goes hand in hand with inflammation, and is strongly influenced by the fibrinogen concentration (and vice versa); this can be mediated via interleukin-6. Poorly liganded iron is a significant feature of inflammatory diseases, and hypofibrinolysis may change as a result of changes in the structure and morphology of the clot, which may be mimicked in vitro, and may be caused in vivo, by the presence of unliganded iron interacting with fibrin(ogen) during clot formation. Many of these phenomena are probably caused by electrostatic changes in the iron-fibrinogen system, though hydroxyl radical (OH ) formation can also contribute under both acute and (more especially) chronic conditions. Many substances are known to affect the nature of fibrin polymerised from fibrinogen, such that this might be seen as a kind of bellwether for human or plasma health. Overall, our analysis demonstrates the commonalities underpinning a variety of pathologies as seen in both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis, and offers opportunities for both diagnostics and therapies.

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“…in ref. [86][87][88], but both converge on terminal steps in which prothrombin is converted Fig. 1 Some risk factors, associated with hypercoagulability.…”

Section: Relationship Between Chronic Inflammation and Hypercoagulabimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ref. 88,[366][367][368][369][370][371][372][373][374][375][376], and fibrin clot properties also vary in this way with various diseases (e.g. ref.…”

Section: Effects Of Fibrinogen Concentration On the Nature Of The Clotmentioning

confidence: 99%

The simultaneous occurrence of both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in blood and serum during systemic inflammation, and the roles of iron and fibrin(ogen)

Kell

Pretorius

2014

Integrative Biology

Self Cite

127

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“…Several diseases influence the functions of various cytoskeleton proteins [51][52][53], such that they often change cell shapes and the ultra-structures of cell membranes. Buys et al showed that the membrane roughness of red blood cells (RBCs) obtained from diabetes patients were correlated with the disease status [54].…”

Section: Discriminating Ill Cells From Healthy Onesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanoprofiling on membranes of living cells with atomic force microscopy and optical nano-profilometry

Lee

Wang

Lee

2017

Advances in Physics: X

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Membrane topography of living cells has been considered as an effective parameter that reflects cellular statuses. With the improvements in spatial and temporal resolutions of various measurement techniques, the changes of membrane topography in response to various external stimulations in the culture environments can be accurately recorded. Membrane roughness is a useful parameter to evaluate the changes in membrane topography. At present, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the most common technique to measure the membrane topography and roughness of living cells. On the other hand, with the non-contact profiling capability, many optical techniques are also employed in this field of research. This review briefly introduces the evolution and applications of AFM on measuring membrane roughness. Meanwhile, quantifying the cell membrane topography and roughness with a non-scanning, non-contact, and label-free optical technique, non-interferometric wide-field optical profilometry (NIWOP), is also presented.

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“…[5] A recent review by Pretorius and Kell provided an overall view of biophysical properties of RBCs, correlations with fibrin and ferritin profile and its implications in pathorheology of vascular disorders. [6]. However, the focus on the flow of RBCs was limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red blood cells in retinal vascular disorders

Agrawal

Sherwood

Chhablani

et al. 2016

Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases

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Microvascular circulation plays a vital role in regulating physiological functions, such as vascular resistance, and maintaining organ health. Pathologies such as hypertension, diabetes, or hematologic diseases affect the microcirculation posing a significant risk to human health. The retinal vasculature provides a unique window for non-invasive visualisation of the human circulation in vivo and retinal vascular image analysis has been established to predict the development of both clinical and subclinical cardiovascular, metabolic, renal and retinal disease in epidemiologic studies. Blood viscosity which was otherwise thought to play a negligible role in determining blood flow based on Poiseuille's law up to the 1970s has now been shown to play an equally if not a more important role in controlling microcirculation and quantifying blood flow. Understanding the hemodynamics/rheology of the microcirculation and its changes in diseased states remains a challenging task; this is due to the particulate nature of blood, the mechanical properties of the cells (such as deformability and aggregability) and the complex architecture of the microvasculature. In our review, we have tried to postulate a possible role of red blood cell (RBC) biomechanical properties and laid down future framework for research related to hemorrheological aspects of blood in patients with retinal vascular disorders

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Diagnostic morphology: biophysical indicators for iron-driven inflammatory diseases

Cited by 132 publications

References 360 publications

The simultaneous occurrence of both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in blood and serum during systemic inflammation, and the roles of iron and fibrin(ogen)

The simultaneous occurrence of both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in blood and serum during systemic inflammation, and the roles of iron and fibrin(ogen)

Mechanoprofiling on membranes of living cells with atomic force microscopy and optical nano-profilometry

Red blood cells in retinal vascular disorders

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