Diagnostic kit for rice blight resistance

Eom, Joon-Seob; Luo, Dangping; Atienza-Grande, Genelou; Yang, Jungil; Ji, Chonghui; Luu, Van Thi; Huguet‐Tapia, José C.; Char, Si Nian; Liu, Bo; Nguyen, Hanna; Schmidt, Sarah M.; Szurek, Boris; Cruz, Casiana Vera; White, Frank F.; Oliva, Ricardo; Yang, Bing; Frommer, Wolf B.

doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0268-y

Cited by 103 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Considering that this particular pathogen strain has a functional type III secretion system that in other Xanthomonas pathogens is able to secrete TALEs into the plant cell and influence SWEET genes expression [59], a logical hypothesis was that Xaj417 would adopt this strategy. If this was the case, a disease control strategy could encompass the inactivation of a particular responsive SWEET member in walnut to deprive the pathogen from this sugar source, as recently shown for the rice blight pathosystem [60,61]. Since we observed no induction of specific SWEET genes in response to Xaj417 infection, we investigated the pathogen's genome in search of any known TALEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection

Jiang

Balan

Assis

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Following photosynthesis, sucrose is translocated to sink organs, where it provides the primary source of carbon and energy to sustain plant growth and development. Sugar transporters from the SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporter) family are rate-limiting factors that mediate sucrose transport across concentration gradients, sustain yields, and participate in reproductive development, plant senescence, stress responses, as well as support plant-pathogen interaction, the focus of this study. We identified 25 SWEET genes in the walnut genome and distinguished each by its individual gene structure and pattern of expression in different walnut tissues. Their chromosomal locations, cis-acting motifs within their 5 regulatory elements, and phylogenetic relationship patterns provided the first comprehensive analysis of the SWEET gene family of sugar transporters in walnut. This family is divided into four clades, the analysis of which suggests duplication and expansion of the SWEET gene family in Juglans regia. In addition, tissue-specific gene expression signatures suggest diverse possible functions for JrSWEET genes. Although these are commonly used by pathogens to harness sugar products from their plant hosts, little was known about their role during Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) infection. We monitored the expression profiles of the JrSWEET genes in different tissues of "Chandler" walnuts when challenged with pathogen Xaj417 and concluded that SWEET-mediated sugar translocation from the host is not a trigger for walnut blight disease development. This may be directly related to the absence of type III secretion system-dependent transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) in Xaj417, which suggests different strategies are employed by this pathogen to promote susceptibility to this major aboveground disease of walnuts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection

Jiang

Balan

Assis

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Recently, researchers found that a mutation in the TalC EBE alone in the Kitaake background still could not confer resistance to African strains; instead a quintuple-mutant promoter lines (rice with mutated PthXo1, PthXo2, TalC, AvrXa7 and Tal5 EBEs) in the Kitaake background were moderately resistant to African strain AXO1947 [13]. Moreover, the sweet14 single-knockout mutant in the Kitaake background was also susceptible to African strain AXO1947, with a median lesion length of approximately 10 cm, whereas the sweet13;sweet14 double-knockout mutant showed complete resistance to African strains [18]. All of these previous studies demonstrated that single knockout of OsSWEET14 in the Kitaake background was unable to confer resistance to African strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of OsSWEET14 in rice cv. Zhonghua11 confers resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae without yield penalty

Zeng

Luo

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: Bacterial blight of rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a devastating rice disease in Southeast Asia and West Africa. OsSWEET14, encoding a sugar transporter, is known to be a major susceptible gene of bacterial blight targeted by four different transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors from either Asian or African Xoo strains. However, the OsSWEET14 single knockout or promoter mutants in the Kitaake background are moderately resistant or even susceptible to African Xoo strains. Therefore, in this study, we knocked out OsSWEET14 in rice cv. Zhonghua 11 background for disease assessment. Results: In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 was utilized to disrupt the function of OsSWEET14 by modifying its corresponding coding region in the genome of rice cv. Zhonghua 11 (CR-S14). In total, we obtained nine different OsSWEET14-mutant alleles. Besides conferring broad-spectrum resistance to Asian Xoo strains, tested mutant alleles also showed strong resistance to African Xoo strain AXO1947. Moreover, the expression of OsSWEET14 was detected in vascular tissues, including the stem, leaf sheath, leaf blade and root. The disruption of OsSWEET14 led to increased plant height without a reduction in yield. Conclusions: Disruption of OsSWEET14 in the Zhonghua 11 background is able to confer strong resistance to African Xoo strain AXO1947 and Asian Xoo strain PXO86. CR-S14 has normal reproductive growth and enhanced plant height under normal growth conditions. These results imply that CR-S14 may serve as a better tester line than sweet14 single-knockout mutant in the Kitaake background for the diagnostic kit for rice blight resistance. The genetic background and increased plant height need to be taken into consideration when utilizing OsSWEET14 for resistant rice breeding.

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“…The widespread and long-term employment of BSR cultivars will likely increase the selection pressure on pathogen populations and increase the appearance of resistance-breaking strains (McDonald and Linde 2002;Mundt 2014). In the companion paper, a diagnostic kit named SWEET R kit 1.0 was developed to track the mutations of Xoo strains as well as to help farmers choose appropriate rice varieties that lack the binding sequences of the cognate TALes in the local Xoo populations (Eom et al 2019). To facilitate further research on BB pathosystems, this kit includes a SWEET promoter database, named SWEETpDB, to document EBEs across several rice accessions including Kitaake, Nipponbare, and Komboka.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Geographic Information System based decision tool named PathoTracer is included as well, which consolidates Xoo disease population and distribution research data within a user-friendly interface. In combination, these tools allow extension specialists and farmers to make educated decisions about appropriate resistant cultivar selection for the target rice growing regions experiencing BB pressure (Eom et al 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving broad-spectrum resistance against rice bacterial blight through targeted promoter editing and pathogen population monitoring

et al. 2020

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Plant diseases severely reduce crop yields and threaten global food security. Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) is a desirable trait because it confers resistance against more than one pathogen species or the majority of races/strains of the same pathogen. To control plant diseases, breeders have selected BSR to reduce disease occurrence and prolong the lifespan of newly released cultivars in the last several decades (Mundt, Phytopathology 108(7):792-802, 2018). Although effective, breeding of BSR cultivars in crop plants is still time-consuming and technically challenging. Recently, new gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 have dramatically accelerated the process of plant breeding and provided an approach for rapidly creating new varieties with BSR and other beneficial traits (Borrelli et al., Front Plant Sci 9:1245, 2018). In addition, close surveillance of pathogen populations in the field can provide useful information for the deployment of appropriate resistance genes in the target regions. In this mini-review, we focus on the significance and application of the exciting results from two recent companion papers published in Nature Biotechnology that provide new strategies to develop crop plants with BSR against pathogens through targeted promoter editing of susceptibility genes in plants as well as pathogen population monitoring.

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Diagnostic kit for rice blight resistance

Cited by 103 publications

References 47 publications

Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection

Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of OsSWEET14 in rice cv. Zhonghua11 confers resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae without yield penalty

Achieving broad-spectrum resistance against rice bacterial blight through targeted promoter editing and pathogen population monitoring

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