Diagnostic imaging of the canine and feline ear

Bischoff, Matthew G.; Kneller, S. K.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2003.10.013

Cited by 71 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Lysis of the tympanic bulla is commonly associated with neoplasia of the middle ear in the dog; however, it may occur in severe cases of otitis media. 1 In humans erosion of adjacent ossicles and bone may be seen on computed tomography in advanced cases of middle ear CG. 4 The previously reported canine case of middle ear CG was an Irish Setter without evidence of concurrent bacterial otitis or lysis of the tympanic bulla.…”

Section: 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol Granuloma Associated with Otitis Media and Destruction of the Tympanic Bulla in a Dog

2007

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Abstract. An 8-year-old, male neutered Irish Setter was presented with a 2-week history of pain upon opening the mouth and chronic otitis externa. Computed tomography examination revealed destruction of the left tympanic bulla with a soft-tissue density within the remains of the tympanic cavity. Cytology of aspirates collected from tissue adjacent to the tympanic bulla revealed suppurative inflammation and bacteria. A ventral bulla osteotomy was performed. Histopathology of granulation tissue within the remains of the tympanic cavity was diagnostic of cholesterol granuloma.Key words: Cholesterol granuloma; computed tomography; dogs; histopathology; middle ear; otitis media.Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is a granulomatous lesion containing cholesterol crystals. 4 In humans, CG frequently develops in the middle ear or mastoid region. 3In the middle ear, CG is usually associated with chronic otitis media; however, it may also be associated with adenomatous tumors and endolymphatic sac tumors in this location. 4,13 Cholesterol granulomas have also been reported in the petrous apex, maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, orbit, breast, tunica vaginalis, peritoneum, brain, and kidney of humans. 4,7,9 In domestic animals, there are reports of CG in the brain of the horse, 8 the middle ear, the maxilla and brain of the dog, 2,10,12 and the uterus and brain of the cat. 5,14 This report describes a canine case of CG that is associated with otitis media and destruction of the tympanic bulla.An 8-year-old, 36.6-kg, male neutered Irish Setter was referred with a 2-week history of lethargy, anorexia, difficulty chewing, and pain upon opening the mouth. Additionally, there had been a 2-year history of intermittent otitis externa on the left. Physical examinations by the referring veterinarian in the 2 weeks prior to referral revealed pain and swelling in the left submandibular region, pain upon opening the mouth, and brown exudate in the left horizontal ear canal. A mixed population of bacterial cocci and rods were present on cytologic examination of the exudate. Treatment with oral meloxicam and cephalexin resulted in some clinical improvement, and the dog was referred for further evaluation.On examination at the University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinic and Hospital, there was discomfort upon opening the mouth; however, pain, swelling, atrophy, and asymmetry were not detected upon palpation of the head and masticatory muscles. The left horizontal external ear canal was narrowed and inflamed; a moderate volume of brown exudate in the canal prevented visualization of the tympanic membrane. The rectal temperature was normal, and the remainder of the physical examination was unremarkable. At this time, differential diagnoses for the pain upon opening the mouth included temporomandibular joint disease, masticatory myositis, otitis media, migrating foreign body, and retrobulbar disease.Results of a preanesthetic blood analysis were normal, and the dog was anesthetized for further diagnostic tests. Electromyography was performed on the tempo...

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Section: 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol Granuloma Associated with Otitis Media and Destruction of the Tympanic Bulla in a Dog

2007

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“…[16][17][18][19] CT images also were evaluated for abnormal fluid opacity or masses in the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, and nasopharynx; nasal turbinate destruction; and destruction of the paranasal bones. Abnormal soft tissue density or mass effect in the nasopharynx additionally was localized as being either rostral or caudal to the caudal margin of the hard palate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomographic (CT) findings of effusive bulla disease are well documented and include abnormal fluid opacity within the tympanic bulla or thickening of the osseous bulla, or both. [16][17][18][19][20][21] Sensitivity and specificity for CT detection of fluid opacity in the tympanic bulla of canine cadaver specimens has been reported to be 67 and 100%, respectively. 16 Reports that indicated differences in the CT appearance of noninflammatory and inflammatory middle ear disease were not found.…”

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confidence: 99%

Computed Tomographic Evidence of Bulla Effusion in Cats with Sinonasal Disease: 2001–2004

Detweiler

Johnson

Kass

et al. 2006

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background:Sinonasal disease is common in cats; chronic inflammatory disease and neoplasia are diagnosed most frequently. Radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings in nasal disease have been reported, although involvement of other cranial structures has not been fully described to our knowledge. Hypothesis:We hypothesized that neoplastic or inflammatory obstruction of the auditory tube associated with sinonasal disease could result in CT evidence of effusive bulla disease in affected cats. Animals:46 cats with sinonasal disease, 18 control cats. Methods:CT images acquired in cats with (n= 46) and without (n= 18) sinonasal disease were reviewed for evidence of concurrent bulla effusion. CT findings of soft tissue or fluid opacity within the tympanic bulla or thickening of the bone of the bullae were considered evidence of effusive bulla disease. Results:The prevalence of bulla effusion in cats with sinonasal disease was 28% (13/46) and was significantly higher than that observed in cats without sinonasal disease (1/18, P= .043). CT findings that were found in association with effusive bulla disease included imaging features of sinusitis and nasopharyngeal disease. The most common neoplasm associated with bulla effusion was nasopharyngeal lymphoma. Bulla effusion was not observed in any cat with nasal carcinoma. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Findings of this study suggest that auditory canal dysfunction may play a larger role in feline sinonasal disease than was previously recognized. The implications of these findings for management of cats with chronic inflammatory or neoplastic sinonasal disease require further investigation.

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“…Embora o exame radiográfico seja útil na avaliação da bula timpânica e do conduto auditivo externo para a detecção de doenças crônicas que causem mineralização ou estenose (Bischoff & Kneller 2004, Benigni & Lamb 2006, sua aplicação na doença vestibular tem limitações, tanto pela complexidade da anatomia da cabeça e sobreposição de algumas estruturas anatômicas, quanto pela falta de especificidade (Kent et al 2010). Neste estudo, o exame radiográfico das bulas timpânicas foi realizado em todos os cães com sinais vestibulares periféricos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Doenças de asininos e muares no semiárido brasileiro

Pessoa¹,

Pessoa²,

Neto³

et al. 2014

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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As doenças de asininos e muares na região semiárida do nordeste do Brasil foram avaliadas em um estudo retrospectivo dos 258 atendimentos realizados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2012. Dos prontuários desses animais foram coletados dados referentes a identificação, anamnese, exame clínico, diagnóstico, protocolo de tratamento e evolução dos casos. Durante o período analisado foram atendidos 200 asininos e 58 muares. Os sistemas afetados foram os seguintes em ordem de frequência: tegumentar, 88 casos; musculoesquelético, 78; digestivo, 36; nervoso, 23; reprodutor, 15; e respiratório, 6. Oito animais foram atendidos para avaliação pré-cirúrgica e encaminhados para orquiectomia; três animais tiveram diagnóstico inconclusivo e um animal sofreu acidente por picada de abelha. As principais enfermidades diagnosticadas nos asininos foram feridas traumáticas (33/200), fraturas (27/200) e cólica (14/200). Para os muares os principais diagnósticos foram cólica (8/58) e feridas traumáticas (6/58). Em ambas as espécies as fraturas foram a principal causa para realização de eutanásia (22/200 asininos e 3/58 muares). Conclui-se que a maioria das doenças diagnosticadas estão associadas com maus tratos ou falta de atenção com os animais e devem ser prevenidas mediante campanhas de conscientização e educação dos proprietários e tratadores, esclarecendo sobre a importância das melhorias do manejo e do bem-estar dos animais.

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Diagnostic imaging of the canine and feline ear

Cited by 71 publications

References 19 publications

Cholesterol Granuloma Associated with Otitis Media and Destruction of the Tympanic Bulla in a Dog

Cholesterol Granuloma Associated with Otitis Media and Destruction of the Tympanic Bulla in a Dog

Computed Tomographic Evidence of Bulla Effusion in Cats with Sinonasal Disease: 2001–2004

Doenças de asininos e muares no semiárido brasileiro

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