Diagnostic Imaging in Newborns, Children and Adolescents Infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Is There a Realistic Alternative to Lung High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and Chest X-Rays? A Systematic Review of the Literature

Caroselli, Costantino; Blaivas, Michael; Falzetti, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.07.015

Cited by 23 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(71 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Following the evaluation of the above-mentioned articles, it can be noted that a small number of studies discusses in depth the ultrasound method as a useful instrument of exploration in COVID-positive newborns, a fact that is also confirmed by Caroselli et al in their review, which found only seven articles about lung ultrasound at newborns, infants, and children with SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a growing trend in the use of pulmonary ultrasonography, especially in newborns, as evidenced by the numerous recent articles using this imagistic technique, if we compare with the results obtained by conventional radiography or the CT exam [ 7 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jones et al note a significant decrease of about 38.8% in the use of chest X-ray procedure, but with very good results in detecting pneumonia with the aid of lung ultrasound. This indicates that ultrasonography is a suitable diagnosis tool that can replace the other more conventional methods that are likely to be more harmful and potentially more invasive [ 7 , 25 ]. Additionally, Feng et al prove that chest ultrasound has a higher sensitivity and accuracy rate compared to X-ray and CT procedures in the diagnosis of pulmonary edema, suggesting that ultrasonography could be used in the monitoring and evaluation of the lung injuries caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies included in this article describe similar changes in lung parenchyma with sparse B-lines as a typically detectable lesion [ 39 ]. These changes emerging from viral infections are identified in the findings following CT examinations of the above-mentioned virus infection [ 7 , 40 , 41 ]. One study concluded that LUS detected all the COVID-19 pneumonia cases compared to the CT exam, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 78.6%, respectively [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a fact that lung ultrasonography (LUS) has the great advantage of being easy to use; it is safe and non-invasive for infants, and at the same time, it is a useful method in the management of pulmonary and cardiac diseases in neonates. Lung artifacts detected by ultrasonography vary slightly with age, so it may be suitable for neonatal respiratory pathology, especially in the SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Is Lung Ultrasound Helpful in COVID-19 Neonates?—A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 infection has occurred in neonates, but it is a fact that radiation exposure is not recommended given their age. The aim of this review is to assess the evidence on the utility of lung ultrasound (LUS) in neonates diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed so as to find a number of published studies assessing the benefits of lung ultrasound for newborns diagnosed with COVID and, in the end, to make a comparison between LUS and the other two more conventional procedures of chest X-rays or CT exam. The key terms used in the search of several databases were: “lung ultrasound”, “sonography”, “newborn”, “neonate”, and “COVID-19′. Results: In total, 447 studies were eligible for this review, and after removing the duplicates, 123 studies referring to LU were further examined, but only 7 included cases of neonates. These studies were considered for the present research paper. Conclusions: As a non-invasive, easy-to-use, and reliable method for lung lesion detection in neonates with COVID-19, lung ultrasound can be used as a useful diagnosis tool for the evaluation of COVID-19-associated lung lesions. The benefits of this method in this pandemic period are likely to arouse interest in opening new research horizons, with immediate practical applicability.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Is Lung Ultrasound Helpful in COVID-19 Neonates?—A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Early Lung Ultrasound Findings in Patients With COVID‐19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of 479 Patients

Caroselli

Blaivas

Marcosignori

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Lung ultrasound (LUS) holds the promise of an accurate, radiation‐free, and affordable diagnostic and monitoring tool in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pneumonia. We sought to evaluate the usefulness of LUS in the diagnosis of patients with respiratory distress and suspicion of interstitial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pneumonia, in comparison to other imaging modalities. Methods This was a multicenter, retrospective study. LUS was performed, on Emergency Department (ED) arrival of patients presenting for possible COVID‐19 evaluation, by trained emergency physicians, before undergoing conventional radiologic examination or while waiting for the report. Scans were performed using longitudinal transducer orientation of the lung regions. CXR was interpreted by radiologists staffing ED radiology. Subjects were divided into two group based on molecular test results. LUS findings were compared to COVID test results, nonlaboratory data, and other imaging for each patient. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages and continuous variables as median ± standard error. Results A total of 479 patients were enrolled, 87% diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 by molecular testing. COVID positive and COVID negative patients differed with respect to sex, presence of fever, and white blood cells count. Most common findings on lung point of care ultrasound (POCUS) for COVID‐positive patients were B‐lines, irregular pleural lines, and small consolidation. Normal chest X‐ray was found in 17.89% of cases. Conclusions This 479 patient cohort, with COVID‐19, found LUS to be noninferior to chest X‐ray (CXR) for diagnostic accuracy. In this study, COVID‐positive patients are most likely to show B lines and sub‐pleural consolidations on LUS examination.

show abstract

The outcomes of COVID‐19 pneumonia in children—clinical, radiographic, and pulmonary function assessment

Bogusławski

Strzelak

Gajko

et al. 2023

Pediatric Pulmonology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The goal of this study was to assess the pulmonary sequelae of COVID‐19 pneumonia in children. Study Design Children (0–18 years old) diagnosed with COVID‐19 pneumonia hospitalized between March 2020 and March 2021 were included in this observational study. All children underwent follow‐up visits 3 months postdischarge, and if any abnormalities were stated, a second visit after the next 3 months was scheduled. Clinical assessment included medical history, physical examination, lung ultrasound (LUS) using a standardized protocol, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). PFTs results were compared with healthy children. Results Forty‐one patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia (severe disease n = 3, mechanical ventilation, n = 0) were included in the study. Persistent symptoms were reported by seven (17.1%) children, the most common was decreased exercise tolerance (57.1%), dyspnea (42.9%), and cough (42.9%). The most prevalent abnormalities in LUS were coalescent B‐lines (37%) and small subpleural consolidations (29%). The extent of LUS abnormalities was significantly greater at the first than at the second follow‐up visit (p = 0.03). There were no significant differences in PFTs results neither between the study group and healthy children nor between the two follow‐up visits in the study group. Conclusions Our study shows that children might experience long‐term sequelae following COVID‐19 pneumonia. In the majority of cases, these are mild and resolve over time.

show abstract

Diagnostic Imaging in Newborns, Children and Adolescents Infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Is There a Realistic Alternative to Lung High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and Chest X-Rays? A Systematic Review of the Literature

Cited by 23 publications

References 136 publications

Is Lung Ultrasound Helpful in COVID-19 Neonates?—A Systematic Review

Is Lung Ultrasound Helpful in COVID-19 Neonates?—A Systematic Review

Early Lung Ultrasound Findings in Patients With COVID‐19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of 479 Patients

The outcomes of COVID‐19 pneumonia in children—clinical, radiographic, and pulmonary function assessment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About