Diagnostic Challenges in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Pazgan−Simon, Monika; Serafińska, Syłwia; Janocha-Litwin, Justyna; Simon, Krzysztof; Zuwała−Jagiełło, Jolanta

doi:10.1155/2015/878763

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, some accurate tests are intrusive, which is not what patients or doctors desire. In terms of treatment, a variety of medications and approaches are necessary to produce the desired pharmacological effect 29 . Additionally, even a well-known procedure like liver transplantation is ineffective for treating end-stage HCC 30 .…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional nanotheranostics in hepatocellular carcinoma

Chavda¹,

Balar²,

Patel³

2023

Nanotheranostics

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Interventional nanotheranostics is a system of drug delivery that does a dual function; along with the therapeutic action, it also does have diagnostic features. This method helps in early detection, targeted delivery, and the least chances of damage to surrounding tissue. It ensures the highest efficiency for the management of the disease. Imaging is the near future for the quickest and most accurate detection of disease. After combing both effective measures, it ensures the most meticulous drug delivery system. Nanoparticles such as Gold NPs, Carbon NPs, Silicon NPS, etc. The article emphasizes on effect of this delivery system in the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. It is one of the widely spreading diseases and theranostics is trying to make the scenario better. The review suggests the pitfall of the current system and how theranostics can help. It describes the mechanism used to generate its effect and believes that interventional nanotheranostics do have a future with rainbow color. The article also describes the current hindrance to the flourishing of this miraculous technology.

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Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional nanotheranostics in hepatocellular carcinoma

Chavda¹,

Balar²,

Patel³

2023

Nanotheranostics

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“…7 While early diagnosis is associated with improved outcomes and disease control, HCC tends to be diagnosed at a later stage because of low disease awareness from general practitioners and patients, low levels of screening of atrisk patients by specialists, and the high associated cost of screening. 8,9 In particular, appropriate screening (i.e., with ultrasound, non-invasive cross-sectional abdominal imaging or alpha fetoprotein [AFP] marker testing) is underutilized for patients at risk of HCC. This often results in a diagnosis of advanced stage HCC when liver resection, transplantation, or ablation are no longer viable treatment options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical care in hepatocellular carcinoma: A mixed methods assessment of experiences and challenges of oncology professionals

Jacobs¹,

Boyle

El–Serag

et al. 2022

Cancer Medicine

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Introduction Healthcare providers (HCPs) may face numerous dilemmas in optimally screening, diagnosing, and treating patients with, and/or at risk for, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to achieve a greater understanding of the challenges in HCC care which in turn could delineate HCP educational opportunities within this oncologic sub‐specialty. Methods A mixed‐methods approach was used to identify practice gaps and clinical barriers experienced by US‐based medical oncologists, hepatologists, oncology physician assistants, oncology nurse practitioners, and interventional radiologists involved in HCC care. The qualitative (semi‐structured interview) and quantitative (survey) data collection approaches were deployed sequentially with findings subsequently triangulated. Results A total of 214 HCPs participated in this study. Analysis revealed challenges related to screening and diagnosing HCC, specifically in applying appropriate screening guidelines, and the optimal use and decisions related to diagnostic imaging and biopsy. Issues related to treatment selection included the application of existing HCC guidelines in treatment decision‐making, weighing risk/benefit ratios of various antineoplastics regimens (i.e., tyrosine kinase inhibitors‐TKIs, immunotherapy agents, chemotherapy), sequencing therapies, potential toxicity management, and optimally educating patients about their HCC. Conclusion These findings highlight the educational needs of those involved in HCC care and provide a starting point for clinicians to both reflect on their practice and identify opportunities to enhance communication within the HCC team and between provider and patient. There is an opportunity to optimize continuing professional development interventions that address the identified gaps in clinical practice specifically related to teamwork and interdisciplinary communication.

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“…However, HCC is infrequently detected early. 17,[20][21][22] Late diagnosis is partly related to the lack of HCC symptoms in the early stages. [23][24][25] Additionally, the cost of diagnostic tests and low awareness of the disease among primary care physicians have been cited as factors contributing to delayed diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25] Additionally, the cost of diagnostic tests and low awareness of the disease among primary care physicians have been cited as factors contributing to delayed diagnosis. 21,26 Further complicating this is the fact that HCC can develop in the absence of risk factors (eg, cirrhosis) and in patients with normal liver histology. [27][28][29] Between 30% to 50% of HBV-related HCC cases occur in the absence of cirrhosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%