Diagnostic approaches for monkeypox virus

Abstract

Mpox (formerly Monkeypox) is a zoonotic infection caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV). Since 2022, Mpox epidemics have occurred in many non‐endemic countries and regions, leading the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency of international concern. With the persistent transmission and evolution of MPXV, symptoms of Mpox have become milder, with some infections being asymptomatic. In addition, MPXV has become more contagious. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis and screening of MPXV is vital to prevent and control MPXV epidemics. Here, we review and summarize the technical details, application scenarios, and the advantages and disadvantages of MPXV‐specific diagnostic methods.