Diagnostic and prognostic significance of cardiovascular vortex formation

Kheradvar, Arash; Rickers, Carsten; Morisawa, Daisuke; Kim, Minji; Hong, Geu Ru; Pedrizzetti, Gianni

doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.05.005

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Recent literature recognized the diagnostic and prognostic significance of LV fluid dynamics while such understanding did not progress at a comparable pace for the RV (Kheradvar et al, 2019 ). The reason is the presumed lower clinical relevance of the RV, in addition to its complex geometry that is elusive to imaging methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Right Ventricle Fluid Dynamics

Collia

Zovatto

Tonti

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The right and left sides of the human heart operate with a common timing and pump the same amount of blood. Therefore, the right ventricle (RV) presents a function that is comparable to the left ventricle (LV) in terms of flow generation; nevertheless, the RV operates against a much lower arterial pressure (afterload) and requires a lower muscular strength. This study compares the fluid dynamics of the normal right and left ventricles to better understand the role of the RV streamlined geometry and provide some physics-based ground for the construction of clinical indicators for the right side. The analysis is performed by image-based direct numerical simulation, using the immersed boundary technique including the simplified models of tricuspid and mitral valves. Results demonstrated that the vortex formation process during early diastole is similar in the two ventricles, then the RV vorticity rapidly dissipates in the subvalvular region while the LV sustains a weak circulatory pattern at the center of the chamber. Afterwards, during the systolic contraction, the RV geometry allows an efficient transfer of mechanical work to the propelled blood; differently from the LV, this work is non-negligible in the global energetic balance. The varying behavior of the RV, from reservoir to conduct, during the different phases of the heartbeat is briefly discussed in conjunction to the development of possible dysfunctions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Right Ventricle Fluid Dynamics

Collia

Zovatto

Tonti

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Although the vortex may increase the shear stress in the ventricular wall, it keeps the state of blood flow stable, prevents flow beam divergence, and reduces kinetic EL. 14 , 15 Under physiological conditions, a lower EL allows for ideal kinetic energy reserve, accumulation, and transport during the ventricular systolic pre-ejection phase. The physiological diastolic vortex is a form of energy reserve and transfer, and proper blood flow order helps avoid turbulence formation and plays an important role in keeping EL within the normal range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Flow Mapping Application in Local Cardiac Function in Hypertension Assessment

Zuo¹,

Ma²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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This study aims to investigate the clinical significance of vector flow mapping (VFM) by observing and quantifying energy loss (EL) during different phases and in different left ventricle (LV) segments. Methods: 42 healthy physical examination subjects and 89 patients with hypertension (HTN) were enrolled in the present study. The patients with HTN were divided into two groups: the left ventricular hypertrophy group (LVH) (n = 51) and the non-left ventricular hypertrophy group (NLVH) (n = 38), while the healthy patients were control group. VFM analysis software DSA-RS1 was used to calculate EL during the rapid filling phase (P1), slow filling phase (P2), atrial contraction phase (P3), and rapid ejection phase (P4). The energy loss of basal segment (EL-B), middle segment (EL-M) and apical segment (EL-A) of left ventricle in different phases was calculated and compared among the three groups. Results: In controls, segmental EL showed a gradual increase from the apex to the base during diastole; however, the regularity was not found in the HTN patients. During both P1 and P2 EL-B, EL-M and EL-A were significantly higher in the NLVH group and the LVH group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). EL in LVH group was the highest among the three groups (P < 0.05). During P3, EL-B, EL-M and EL-A were increased in the NLVH group and LVH group compared with the control group. However, EL-M and EL-A in LVH group were significantly lower than the NLVH group (P < 0.05). During P4, EL of all segments was significantly higher in the NLVH group and LVH group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: VFM can visually quantify hydrodynamic LV changes in healthy subjects. The EL levels in the different LV segments during different phases were significantly higher in the patients with HTN compared with the healthy subjects.

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“…1 Despite that great intuition, a renovated interest for this subject has increased only in the last decades, thanks to advances in cardiovascular images. 2 To date, phase-contrast cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the most promising techniques for measuring blood velocities in the heart. 3 However, CMR cannot be performed daily to obtain follow-up data, is an expensive and time-consuming technique and flow assessments could be affected by artifacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector flow mapping: A review from theory to practice

Avesani

Degrelle²,

Salvo

et al. 2021

Echocardiography

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Background:The interest in intra-cardiac blood flow analysis is rapidly growing, and it has encouraged the development of different non-invasive imaging techniques. Among these, Vector Flow Mapping (VFM), combing Color-Doppler imaging and speckle tracking data, seems to be a promising approach, feasible in adult and children population. Aim of the review:The aim of this review is to give a historical perspective on the development of VFM method and a summary of the current algorithms and parameters potentially evaluable. Then, we will present the current state-of-the-art of VFM with an overview of clinical studies and applications of this technique.

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Diagnostic and prognostic significance of cardiovascular vortex formation

Cited by 37 publications

References 91 publications

Comparative Analysis of Right Ventricle Fluid Dynamics

Comparative Analysis of Right Ventricle Fluid Dynamics

Vector Flow Mapping Application in Local Cardiac Function in Hypertension Assessment

Vector flow mapping: A review from theory to practice

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