Diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Norway

Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis of GIST is based on histology together with a panel of immunohistochemical markers; the most important is KIT (CD117). A total of 434 cases of GISTs were confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry, and incorporated into tissue microarrays. Validation of histological features as well as the prognostic value of two immunohistochemical biomarkers (p16 and L1) was assessed. High mitotic rate, large tumor size, nuclear atypia, and small bowel primary site were all validated as negative prognostic factors in GISTs. Expression of p16 was significantly correlated with unfavorable prognosis, whereas L1 expression was not.

p16Ink4a overexpression in cancer: a tumor suppressor gene associated with senescence and high-grade tumors

“…In the same study, concurrent overexpression of p73 and p16 Ink4a was significantly correlated with the p16 Ink4a overexpression in cancer C Romagosa et al lymph node metastasis, positive immunohistochemistry for p53, vascular invasion and negative progesterone receptors. Also, in some non-epithelial lesions, such as high-grade astrocytoma or gastrointestinal stromal tumors, overexpression of p16 Ink4a correlates with a poor prognosis and seems to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator (Arifin et al, 2006;Steigen et al, 2008).…”

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Stomach Presenting as a Perigastric Abscess

“…14 종양이 완전 절제된 경우 5년 생존율 은 48∼65% 정도이나 천공이 된 경우 24%까지 떨어지며 이는 복강 내 파종 때문일 것으로 추정된다. 15 자발적으로 또는 수술 시에 종괴가 파열될 경우 예후가 좋지 않다. 16 감염과 관련된 임상소견에서 복강 내 농양이 동반된 큰 종괴 가 있을 때 드물지만 GIST와 관련성을 고려할 필요가 있다.…”

Spontaneous perforation of jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumour presenting with multiple intraperitoneal abscess cavities: a case report and review of literature

“…Once recurrence has occurred median survival is 9-16 months. 7,12,16 Ulusan S et al reported a case of ruptured GIST with pelvic abscess in a 52 years old woman. 18 To our knowledge, our case is the second published report of a spontaneously ruptured GIST of the small bowel presented with abscess cavities.…”

“…2 Perforation of the tumor lowers the five-year survival to 24%, probably due to peritoneal dissemination. 12 Local and regional lymph node involvement is infrequent in GIST. 14,15 GIST's presenting with perforation, attention needs to be paid, in view of possible recurrence of the tumor.…”

“…12,13 Complete surgical resection entails 48-65% five-year survival. 2 Perforation of the tumor lowers the five-year survival to 24%, probably due to peritoneal dissemination.…”