Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography to Detect False Layers in a Commercial Laying Flock Infected by an Infectious Bronchitis Virus Delmarva Genotype Causing Cystic Oviducts

Parent, Éric; Gagnon-Francoeur, Ariane; Lanthier, Benoît; Hébert, Ghislain; Buczinski, Sébastien; Boulianne, Martine

doi:10.1637/0005-2086-64.2.149

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The virus can infect layer pullets at an early age leading to devastating effects on the developing reproductive tract [11]. The problem of false layers with permanent damage of the oviduct was highlighted more recently with the emergence of the QX and DMV/1639like strains [12,13]. Abnormal oviducts of false layers are characterized by dilatation with serous fluid accumulation (cystic formation) and areas of non-patency [14].…”

Section: And Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers

et al. 2022

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Vaccination is the most important way to control infectious bronchitis (IB) in chickens. Since the end of 2015, the Delmarva (DMV)/1639 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has caused significant damage to the layer flocks in Eastern Canada. The efficacy of a combination of existing IB vaccines licensed in Canada was assessed against experimental challenge with this IBV strain. The layer pullets were vaccinated during the rearing phase with live attenuated IB vaccines of Massachusetts (Mass) + Connecticut (Conn) types followed by an inactivated IB vaccine of Mass + Arkansas (Ark) types and then challenged with the Canadian IBV DMV/1639 strain at 30 weeks of age. Protection was evaluated based on the egg laying performance, immune responses, viral shedding, and viral genome loads and lesions in IBV target organs. The vaccinated challenged hens were protected from the drop in egg production observed in the non-vaccinated challenged hens. Early (5 dpi) anamnestic serum antibody response was measured in the vaccinated challenged hens as well as a significant level of antibodies was detected in the oviduct washes (14 dpi). In contrast, hens in the non-vaccinated challenged group showed delayed (12 dpi) and significantly lower serum antibody response. Viral RNA loads were reduced in the respiratory, alimentary, and reproductive tissues of the vaccinated challenged hens compared to the non-vaccinated challenged hens. Compared to the control groups, the vaccinated challenged hens had less marked microscopic lesions in the trachea, kidney, magnum, and uterus. Our experimental model demonstrated inconclusive results for cell-mediated immune responses and viral shedding. Overall, the vaccination program used in this study minimized viral replication and histopathological changes in most IBV target organs and protected challenged hens against drop in egg production.

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Section: And Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers

et al. 2022

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“…Over time, it seems that QX strains have become more fit to the population, becoming less pathogenic and more endemic. A similar clinical tendency is presently occurring with the DMV/1639 variants in the US and Canada [18][19][20][21], even though the conditions for viral evolution are not the same (i.e., geographic location, vaccination protocols, animal husbandry, and concomitant diseases).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…On a similar note, outbreaks of nephropathogenic disease associated to IBV in broiler chickens began in the Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia (Delmarva) peninsula in 2011, originating the so-called DMV/1639/11 genotype [18]. Almost a decade later, the DMV/1639 variants have been linked to FLS cases in Eastern Canada and United States [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains

Silva¹,

Jude²,

Gallardo³

2022

Preprint

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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly variable RNA virus that affects chickens worldwide. Due to its inherited tendency to suffer point mutations and recombination events during viral replication, emergent IBV strains have been linked to nephropathogenic and reproductive disease that are more severe than the typical respiratory disease, leading, in some cases, to mortality, severe production losses, and/or unsuccessful vaccination. QX and DMV/1639 strains are examples of the above-mentioned IBV evolutionary pathway and clinical outcome. In this study, our purpose was to systematically compare whole genomes of QX and DMV strains looking at each IBV gene individually. Phylogenetic analyses and amino acid site searches were performed in datasets obtained from GenBank accounting for all IBV genes and using our own relevant sequences as a basis. The QX dataset studied is more genetically diverse than the DMV dataset, partially due to the greater epidemiological diversity within the five QX strains used as a basis compared to the four DMV strains from our study. Historically, QX strains have emerged and spread earlier than DMV strains in Europe and Asia. Consequently, there are more QX sequences deposited in GenBank than DMV strains, assisting in the identification of a larger pool of QX strains. It is likely that a similar evolutionary pattern will be observed among DMV strains as they develop and spread in North America.

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“…IBV belongs to the Coronaviridae family, which includes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the recently emerged novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 [1,2]. IBV infection causes serious respiratory and renal diseases in meat chickens, egg-laying drops and false layer syndrome in laying hens, increasing secondary infections / processing plant condemnations and resulting in substantial economic losses in the poultry industry [3][4][5]. Although vaccines are now being used widely and extensively, the epidemic of IB in chicken flocks can still be observed [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to IBV vaccine

Lin

et al. 2021

BMC Vet Res

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Background Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, is one of the most important poultry pathogens worldwide due to its multiple serotypes and poor cross-protection. Vaccination plays a vital role in controlling the disease. The efficacy of vaccination in chicken flocks can be evaluated by detecting neutralizing antibodies with the neutralization test. However there are no simple and rapid methods for detecting the neutralizing antibodies. Results In this study, a peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to IBV vaccine was developed. The pELISA could indirect evaluate neutralizing antibody titers against different types of IBV in all tested sera. The titers measured with the pELISA had a coefficient of 0.83 for neutralizing antibody titers. Conclusions The pELISA could detect antibodies against different types of IBV in all tested sera. The pELISA has the potential to evaluate samples for IBV-specific neutralizing antibodies and surveillance the infection of IBV.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography to Detect False Layers in a Commercial Laying Flock Infected by an Infectious Bronchitis Virus Delmarva Genotype Causing Cystic Oviducts

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers

Efficacy of Commercial Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines against Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection in Layers

Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains

Peptide enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to IBV vaccine

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