Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Radiotherapy-Induced Xerostomia: A Review

Li, Yanli; Li, Xuehan; Pang, Runxuan; Yang, Guang; Tian, Mingxu; Zhao, Tengyu; Sun, Yunhan; Lee, Eui‐Seok; Jiang, Heng Bo; Han, Jianmin

doi:10.1155/2022/7802334

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(245 reference statements)

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“…The patient's response to radiation therapy is individual and depends on the radiation dose and treatment area. Radiotherapy contributes to short-term dryness or total lack of salivary production [18] .…”

Section: Results and Discussion 31 Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci.

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The dilution of the quantity or quality of saliva is associated with complications that increase suffering and lead to many diseases. Objective: To analyze the literature on xerostomia, as well as its etiology, diagnosis, prevalence, and treatment. Methodology: A compilation of articles published in the last 5 years was carried out using the PubM ed electronic database. Abstracts and full texts that included information on cracked toot h syndrome: "xerostomia", "etiology", "diagnosis", "prevalence" and "treatment" were identified. Results: Knowing the etiology allows the dentist to detect it in time, thus avoiding the propagation of cracks and complications associated with it. Early diagnosis can be a simple restoration, if it progresses, root canal treatment and restoration are often necessary for cusp coverage. The number of cases has increased due to the little information on early diagnosis. The affected tooth's treatment and prognosis are generally difficult to determine. It depends more on the location, extension, and magnitude of the damage caused by the fissure when diagnosed and by the time of treatment. Conclusions: Xerostomia is of multifactorial and irreversible origin, among the factors that can cause it are the use of medications, radiotherapy, Sjögren's syndrome, diabetes, depression, anemia, bulimia, genetic disorders, alcoholism, smokers, and drug addicts. Diagnostic methods include questionnaires, gum tests, and computed tomography. Prevalent in adults and women. The use of salivary substitutes is the most frequent.

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Section: Results and Discussion 31 Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci.

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“…In recent years, clinically validated dose constraints have been established for salivary-associated OARs, such as parotid glands, submandibular glands, and oral cavities. With the introduction of IMRT, oncologists could use an inverse planning algorithm and multiple fields to spare OARs from toxic threshold doses [87,88].…”

Section: Prevention Of Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have found that drinking water frequently can be as effective as using saliva substitutes. Mucoadhesive discs of xylitol or sugar-free gum have been used with varying results [83][84][85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Complications of Head and Neck Cancers and Rehabilitation Measures: A Narrative Review

Sharma,

Kumar Upadhyay,

Prakash

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are malignant tumors mainly from squamous cells in the head and neck tissues. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, the long-term prognosis for patients with advanced-stage tumors is guarded, with a median survival time of approximately 24 months. HNC patients have very high rates of depression and anxiety and the highest suicide rate among all cancers due to the intense and challenging nature of the treatment, underscoring the importance of our collective efforts. Rehabilitation success depends on various factors, including tumor, patient, and treatment-related factors. Patients may require post-treatment oral rehabilitation measures, including implants, obturators, and flexible dentures. These measures are crucial, but they often need to be more utilized. Patients may face challenges in maintaining oral hygiene and managing mucositis. Additionally, it is essential to address other intricacies such as trismus, xerostomia, gustatory dysfunctions, neuropathy, speech impairments, and psychological disturbances. Unfortunately, there is little literature on post-treatment rehabilitative measures. Despite its crucial role in improving patients' quality of life, rehabilitation often receives inadequate attention compared to treatment. Our narrative review, which covers various factors that affect rehabilitation, including oral rehabilitation measures and post-treatment complications, is anticipated to deliver practical insights to professionals and inspire positive changes in their regular practice.

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