Diagnosis of Viral Infections Using Myxovirus Resistance Protein A (MxA)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Myxoma resistance protein 1 (MxA) is induced during viral infections. MxA testing could be helpful to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections.

Aetiology of febrile pharyngitis in children: Potential of myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) as a biomarker of viral infection

“…21,22,33 We and others have shown earlier that a MxA response is strongly associated with a symptomatic viral infection. 32,34 Indeed, in the present study, most patients with virus findings had elevated levels of MxA protein in their blood. In contrast, at the follow-up visit when the patients were asymptomatic or had only minor, non-febrile respiratory symptoms, their blood MxA levels remained low.…”

CD38 modulates respiratory syncytial virus‐driven proinflammatory processes in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells

“…in RSV‐infected MDDCs; gene expression analysis also demonstrates that a set of typical ISGs is induced in a second wave of transcription. These genes include MxA and ISG15, both endowed with broad anti‐viral activity and markers of RSV infection, and RANTES/CCL5, an inflammatory chemokine associated with increased likelihood of severe asthma after RSV lung disease . In addition, as the emerging role of type III IFNs during in RSV infection, the production of IFN‐ λ 1/IL‐29 was also measured.…”

FebriDx Point-of-Care Testing to Guide Antibiotic Therapy for AcuteRespiratory Tract Infection in UK Primary Care: A Retrospective OutcomeAnalysis

“…MxA protein expression in peripheral whole blood is a specific biomarker for viral infection [25, [37][38][39][40][41][42]]. Higher levels of MxA level are seen in viral infections compared to bacterial infection and this can be explained by the fact that the MxA protein is induced exclusively by type I IFN and not by IFN-gamma, IL-1, TNF-alpha, or any of the other cyotokines induced by bacterial infections [43].…”