Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis by Complement-Fixation

Chaffee, Elmer F.; Bauman, Preston M.; Shapilo, John J.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1954.3.905

Cited by 60 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The P. westermani antigen used in this study was produced many years ago using ether to extract undesirable lipids (Chaffee extract) from the adult P. westermani worm preparation. 7 Ether extraction is no longer a preferred method for antigen preparation, so the P. kellicotti adult worm antigen extract described in this work may be a useful alternative for diagnosis of paragonimiasis caused by P. kellicotti or P. westermani. Molecular phylogenetic studies using mitochondrial or non-coding DNA markers indicate that P. westermani and P. kellicotti are not closely related within the genus Paragonimus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Serological Diagnosis of North American Paragonimiasis by Western Blot Using Paragonimus kellicotti Adult Worm Antigen

Fischer

Curtis²,

Folk³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. We studied the value of an IgG Western blot (WB) with Paragonimus kellicotti (Pk) antigen for diagnosis of North American paragonimiasis. The test was evaluated with sera from patients with Pk and Paragonimus westermani infections, with control sera from patients with other helminth infections, and sera from healthy Americans. All 11 proven Pk infection sera and two samples from suspected cases that were negative by P. westermani WB at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) contained antibodies to antigens at 34 kDa and at 21/23 kDa. Seven of 7 P. westermani sera contained antibodies to the 34 kDa antigen, but only 2 recognized the 21/23 kDa doublet. No control samples were reactive with these antigens. Antibody reactivity declined after praziquantel treatment. Thus, the P. kellicotti WB appears to be superior to P. westermani WB for diagnosing Pk infections, and it may be useful for assessing responses to treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…5 A P. westermani Chafee extract of adult worms was provided by CDC. 6,7 Excretory/secretory (e/s) antigens of P. kellicotti were obtained by culturing two adult flukes (65 days p.i.) overnight in 500 μL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Diagnosis of North American Paragonimiasis by Western Blot Using Paragonimus kellicotti Adult Worm Antigen

Fischer

Curtis²,

Folk³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Three antigens were used in this study: PPD (Nihon BCG Seizo Co., Tokyo, Japan), S. japonicum egg, and adult worm antigens, as described elsewhere (11,28,33). All the schistosome antigens were crude ones, and for the present study, a single lot of each antigen was used throughout the experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma japonicum egg antigen-specific T cell lines in man. Induction of helper and suppressor T cell lines and clones in vitro in a patient with chronic schistosomiasis japonica.

Ohta¹,

Itagaki²,

Minai³

et al. 1988

J. Clin. Invest.

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T cell lines (TCLs) specific for Schistosoma japonicum egg antigen were established from a patient with chronic schistosomiasis japonica to investigate the regulatory mechanism of S. japonicum egg antigen-driven T cell responses in man. All five TCLs tested were CD2+,CD4+,CD8-, and were strongly proliferative only to S. japonicum egg antigen in the absence of exogenous IL-2. All but one TCL produced IL-2-like lymphokines in vitro, indicating their helper T cell functions. One TCL, SjE-3, failed to produce IL-2-like lymphokines. Moreover, this TCL suppressed the specific proliferation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes to S. japonicum egg antigen. This TCL produced a soluble suppressor factor(s). These functional diversities among established TCLs were also confirmed by cloned T cells. Our observations might suggest that the regulatory system through helper and suppressor T-T interactions somehow involved in T cell responses to the egg antigen in human chronic schistosomiasis japonica.

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“…japonicum) was prepared after the method of Chaffee et al (1954) with slight modification. Intradermal injection of 0.02 ml of VBS antigen solution was given to the volar surface of the forearm of each individual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Schistosomiasis in the Taveta Area of Kenya, East Africa

Katamine

Siongok

Kawashima

et al. 1978

Jap. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.

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Abstract:A total of 963 individuals in three villages were examined for schistosomiasis by both skin test and schistosome ova detection in stool and urine in 1974. The antigen used for skin test was VBS adult S. japonicum antigen (1 : 10,000 dilution). Stool and urine samples were examined through the concentration methods. Egg-positive rate was 62.2 per cent in Jipe, 68.0 per cent in Eldoro, 69.6 per cent in Kivalwa. Jipe was infested mostly by S. mansoni, Kivalwa by S. haematobium and Eldoro by both two schistosomes. The egg-positive rate was higher in females than in males in Eldoro. In Jipe and Kivalwa, however, the differences in the rate between males and females were not statistically significant. The rate increased with age in children, reached a peak between the ages of 5 and 14 years and then decreased gradually. The positive rate of skin test was 76.4 per cent in total, higher than that of stool and urine examinations. The skin reaction was weak or absent among many egg-positive children. The skin-testpositive rate increased as the age advanced and reached 95 per cent in inhabitants from 40 years up. The positive rate of skin test was higher among males than females in Jipe. No significant difference in the rate between males and females was found in Eldoro and Kivalwa. Among the egg-positive subjects there was no significant difference in skin reaction between S. mansoni infection and S. haematobium infection. In 1975 stool and urine samples from Jipe, Kivalwa, Kuwahoma and Chala were examined. Kuwahoma proved to be infested by S. haematobium. In Chala schistosome infection was rare. There exist villages infested by S. mansoni and/or S. haematobium in the small area. It seems that VBS adult S. japonicum antigen for skin test and the concentration methods for stool and urine examinations are of use in the epidemiological survey in the areas where S. mansoni and/or S. haematobium infections are prevailing.

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Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis by Complement-Fixation

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Serological Diagnosis of North American Paragonimiasis by Western Blot Using Paragonimus kellicotti Adult Worm Antigen

Serological Diagnosis of North American Paragonimiasis by Western Blot Using Paragonimus kellicotti Adult Worm Antigen

Schistosoma japonicum egg antigen-specific T cell lines in man. Induction of helper and suppressor T cell lines and clones in vitro in a patient with chronic schistosomiasis japonica.

Prevalence of Human Schistosomiasis in the Taveta Area of Kenya, East Africa

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