Diagnosis of macrosocial risks of drug use in Mexican municipalities

Abstract

Introduction. Factors associated with drug use are defined in terms of their proximity to the phenomenon and can be classified as individual, microsocial, and macrosocial. Macrosocial factors include variables of a geographic, economic, demographic, and social nature, which can be compiled from population censuses and surveys. Objective. To determine the levels of risk for drug use in municipalities in Mexico based on macro-social indicators. Method. Retrospective cross-sectional study, based on the analysis of population data, weighted by the Delphi method. Results. Sixty-four municipalities with a high or very high risk of drug use were identified. Factors such as the volume of drug seizures, prevalence of student use, alcohol supply, and inequality among the population were weighted as the factors with greatest risk for drug use. Discussion and conclusion. These data serve as a benchmark for guiding the efficient, rational administration of resources assigned for dealing with the problem of addictions, since they make it possible to identify localities with a greater need for care services. RESUMENIntroducción. Los factores asociados al consumo de drogas se definen en función de su proximidad con el fenómeno y pueden clasificarse en individuales, microsociales y macrosociales. Entre los factores macrosociales se incluyen variables de tipo geográfico, económico, demográfico y social, que es posible integrar a partir de censos y encuestas poblacionales. Objetivo. Determinar niveles de riesgo del consumo de drogas en municipios de la República Mexicana con base en indicadores macrosociales. Método. Estudio transversal retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de datos poblacionales, ponderados mediante el método Delphi. Resultados. Se identificaron 64 municipios con alto o muy alto riesgo de consumo de drogas. Factores como el volumen de decomisos de drogas, prevalencia de consumo en estudiantes, oferta de alcohol y desigualdad entre la población fueron ponderadas como los factores de mayor riesgo para el consumo de drogas. Discusión y conclusión. Estos datos representan un referente para orientar la administración eficiente y racional de los recursos destinados a atender el problema de las adicciones en tanto permiten identificar localidades que requieren servicios de atención con mayor prioridad.Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo, usuarios de drogas, determinantes sociales de la salud, salud mental, técnica Delphi, abuso de sustancias.

Migration Intentions and Alcohol Use Among Adolescents in West-Central Mexico

“…The sample was limited to one state in Mexico, which limits the generalizability to areas of the country with unique contextual differences such as states in the northern and southern borders. Because Jalisco was identified as the third state with the highest substance use risk score (IRMCD) in Mexico (Rodríguez-Kuri et al, 2019 ), these findings may applicable to the other high substance use risks states.…”

“…In 2016, alcohol consumption rates among adolescents—at least once in a lifetime—was 42.9%, last year was 28.8% and excessive consumption was 8.3%, all above national averages (ENCODAT, 2017 ). Jalisco was identified as being at very high risk in a study applying the Index of Macrosocial Risk of Drug Use (IRMCD) in municipalities and delegations in Mexico (Rodríguez-Kuri et al, 2019 ). The IRMCD identified macrosocial conditions that presumably place individuals at a high or very high risk of substance use.…”

“…The IRMCD identified macrosocial conditions that presumably place individuals at a high or very high risk of substance use. Some of macrosocial factors considered by the IRMCD include the location of a municipality on a drug trafficking or production route (volume of drug seizures), state prevalence of use in the student population, presence of places where alcohol is sold, and Socioeconomic Status (SES) and inequality among the population (Rodríguez-Kuri et al, 2019 ).…”