Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori‐related chronic gastritis, gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer by magnifying endoscopy

Abstract

Evaluating the prevalence and severity of gastritis by endoscopy is useful for estimating the risk of gastric cancer (GC). Moreover, understanding the endoscopic appearances of gastritis is important for diagnosing GC due to the fact that superficial mucosal lesions mimicing gastritis (gastritis-like lesions) are quite difficult to be detected even with optimum preparation and the best technique, and in such cases tissue biopsy is often not very accurate for the diagnosis of gastric epithelial neoplasia. Magnifying endoscopy is a highly accurate technique for the detection of early gastric cancer (EGC). Recent reports have described that various novel endoscopic markers which, visualized by magnifying endoscopy with image-enhanced system (ME-IEE), can predict specific histopathological findings. Using ME-IEE with vessels and surface classification system (VSCS) may represent an excellent diagnostic performance with high confidence and good reproducibility to the endoscopists if performed under consistent conditions, including observation under maximal magnification. The aim of this review was to discuss how to identify high-risk groups for GC by endoscopy, and how to detect effectively signs of suspicious lesions by conventional white light imaging (C-WLI) or chromoendoscopy (CE). Furthermore, to characterize suspicious lesions using ME-IEE using the criteria and classification of EGC based upon VSCS.

Clinicopathological significance and molecular mechanism of AKT/GSK3β pathway-based fibrillin-1 expression in gastric cancer progression

“…In this study, FBN1 gene expression was first detected and showed a gradually increasing trend in normal gastric mucosa, chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, and gastric cancer tissues and showed strong expression in gastric cancer tissues. Chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis are precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (16,17). The results suggested that FBN1 can be used as a marker to determine precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, which may be closely related to the progression of gastric cancer and the prognosis of patients.…”