Diagnosis of human parvovirus B19 infections by detection of epitope‐type‐specific VP2 IgG

Abstract

In the B19 VP2 molecule an immunodominant heptapeptide epitope has been detected, recently for which IgG antibodies are synthesized exclusively in the acute phase of B19 infection. Using this acute-phase-specific epitope (KYVTGIN) a 2(nd)-generation epitope-type EIA was developed, which compares serum IgG activity for native VP2 capsids exhibiting conformational VP2 epitopes with IgG activity for the KYVTGIN epitope. In this study the diagnostic performance (clinical sensitivity and specificity) of the 1st and 2nd-generation epitope-type EIAs and of a peptide-based EIA utilising as antigen the KYVTGIN epitope alone was assessed in comparison with various high-quality IgM- and IgG- based B19 assays. Serum samples from 489 patients with B19-related symptoms and asymptomatic controls from three countries were studied. Among 323 patients with B19-IgG, 20% were diagnosed as acute infection, 73% had past immunity and 7% were not classified due to contradictory results among the different assays. The unclassified samples were explored for viral strain diversity by PCR and DNA sequencing but all sequences obtained were B19-like with variance of only a few per cent. The 2nd-generation epitope-type EIA had a diagnostic sensitivity of 98% and a diagnostic specificity of 94%. In combination with conventional approaches, the epitope-type assays increase greatly the accuracy of B19 serodiagnosis.

Seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 and its clinical effect among anaemic SCA patients in Northeastern Nigeria

“…Seroprevalence of the disease can be obtained by antibody detection techniques in which the various methods notably Nucleic acid test 18 (NAT) using PCR, antibody detection using ELISA techniques 21 . The search for prompt and type specific method for the detection of Parvovirus B19 infection led to the development and adoption of an immunochromatographic technique 21,22 . Utilizing the immunochromatographic method in this study, the seroprevalence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG was found to be 23.3% among SCA subjects as compared to 18.9% among control subjects.…”

“…The sensitivity of ELISA was compared to nucleic acid technique by Sato et al 19 and was found to be less sensitive and specific. However ELISA methods remain a very popular and valid method for the detection of Parvovirus B19 20 The search for prompt and type specific method for the detection of Parvovirus B19 infection led to the development and utilization of an immunochromatographic technique 21,22 . The immunochromatographic method in principle resembles ELISA but the enzyme is substituted by chromatographic materials that appear as visible colours on antigen-antibody reaction in the presence of positive Parvovirus B19 infection.…”

“…The immunochromatographic method in principle resembles ELISA but the enzyme is substituted by chromatographic materials that appear as visible colours on antigen-antibody reaction in the presence of positive Parvovirus B19 infection. The reaction targets a Parvovirus B19 Epitope-type specific VP2 Immunoglobulin G. Kaikkonen et al 22 compared the sensitivity and specificity of this method to other EIA methods and found the diagnostic sensitivity to be 98% and a diagnostic specificity of 94%. In combination with conventional approaches, the epitope-type assays increase greatly the accuracy of Parvovirus B19 diagnosis besides the added advantages of enhancing prompt diagnosis and being less expensive 22 .…”

“…The reaction targets a Parvovirus B19 Epitope-type specific VP2 Immunoglobulin G. Kaikkonen et al 22 compared the sensitivity and specificity of this method to other EIA methods and found the diagnostic sensitivity to be 98% and a diagnostic specificity of 94%. In combination with conventional approaches, the epitope-type assays increase greatly the accuracy of Parvovirus B19 diagnosis besides the added advantages of enhancing prompt diagnosis and being less expensive 22 . The study went to utilise the immunochromatographic method to determine the seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 infection.…”

Genetic Diversity within Human Erythroviruses: Identification of Three Genotypes

“…The almost-full-length sequence of the V9 genome was subsequently determined (5,19), and the genetic variability was found to extend outside the VP1u region with more than 12% nucleotide divergence between the entire genomes of V9 and B19 virus isolates (19). With the exception of one erythrovirus isolate (R1) which we have previously found to be related to V9 according to sequence homology on 346 bp of the VP1u region (36), no other V9-related isolate has been reported to date; however, only a limited number of studies have been conducted to search for such isolates (19,21,26). Thus, since it is the unique representative of a new B19 virus variant, the taxonomic position of the V9 isolate remains unclear, even though Lukashov and Goudsmit (31) have suggested that, based on phylogenetic analysis, separation between B19 virus and V9 was probably an ancient event.…”