Diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods and problems of virus SARS-CoV-2 detection under pandemic conditions

Kudlаy, D.А.; Shirobokov, Yaroslav E.; Гладунова, Е. П.; Borodulina, E.

doi:10.29296/25877305-2020-08-01

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, endothelial cells express ACE2 at a very low level, while pericytes had the highest level of ACE2 expression [37]. This corroborates the idea that human pericytes are the key target for SARS-CoV-2 infection [38]. Pericyte injury leads to capillary endothelial cell dysfunction, thus causing microvascular dysfunction and microvasculopathy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

New Scenarios in Heart Transplantation and Persistency of SARS-CoV-2 (Case Report)

Mitrofanova

Makarov

Горшков

et al. 2023

Life

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Heart transplantation is a treatment of choice for patients with severe heart failure. Infection transmission from a donor to a recipient remains a prominent problem in organ transplantation. However, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in nonlung organ transplantation is still unclear. In this article we presented a case of a 28-year-old pregnant woman who developed heart failure soon after recovery from a SARS-CoV-2 infection in the third trimester of gestation. In the postpartum period, the heart disease worsened and the patient required cardiac transplantation. We examined the recipient’s heart and made a diagnosis of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Immunohistochemical analysis showed SARS-CoV-2 antigen expression in the donor’s heart before transplantation, and after the transplantation, an endomyocardial biopsy was taken. Moreover, an ultrastructural assessment of the endomyocardial specimen revealed endothelial and pericyte injury and a single particle on the surface of the endothelium consistent with SARS-CoV-2 viral particles. Recent findings in the literature associated these damages with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study describes the rare case of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from donor to postpartum recipient through a heart transplant and demonstrates the importance of endomyocardial biopsy before and after heart transplantation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

New Scenarios in Heart Transplantation and Persistency of SARS-CoV-2 (Case Report)

Mitrofanova

Makarov

Горшков

et al. 2023

Life

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“…Long-COVID-19 or Post-COVID-19 syndrome refers to the development of persistent symptoms after COVID-19, described more often in adults, which involve the development of cognitive, endocrine and cardiorespiratory symptoms [ 113 ]. To date, there is no clear definition of this syndrome and there is no consensus on the duration of symptoms justifying the diagnosis that ranges from 4 to 12 weeks after acute infection [ 115 ]. It should be noted that Post-COVID-19 usually presents with a group of symptoms that overlap and change over time and can affect any body system ( , accessed on 5 October 2022).…”

Section: Post-covid-19 Syndrome or Long-covid-19: Heart Disease In Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Heart Lesions in Children: Clinical, Diagnostic and Immunological Changes

Васичкина

Alekseeva

Kudryavtsev

et al. 2023

IJMS

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In the beginning of COVID-19, the proportion of confirmed cases in the pediatric population was relatively small and there was an opinion that children often had a mild or asymptomatic course of infection. Our understanding of the immune response, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 is highly oriented towards the adult population. At the same time, despite the fact that COVID-19 in children usually occurs in a mild form, there is an incomplete understanding of the course as an acute infection and its subsequent manifestations such as Long-COVID-19 or Post-COVID-19, PASC in the pediatric population, correlations with comorbidities and immunological changes. In mild COVID-19 in childhood, some authors explain the absence of population decreasing T and B lymphocytes. Regardless of the patient’s condition, they can have the second phase, related to the exacerbation of inflammation in the heart tissue even if the viral infection was completely eliminated—post infectious myocarditis. Mechanism of myocardial dysfunction development in MIS-C are not fully understood. It is known that various immunocompetent cells, including both resident inflammatory cells of peripheral tissues (for example macrophages, dendritic cells, resident memory T-lymphocytes and so on) and also circulating in the peripheral blood immune cells play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of myocarditis. It is expected that hyperproduction of interferons and the enhanced cytokine response of T cells 1 and 2 types contribute to dysfunction of the myocardium. However, the role of Th1 in the pathogenesis of myocarditis remains highly controversial. At the same time, the clinical manifestations and mechanisms of damage, including the heart, both against the background and after COVID-19, in children differ from adults. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether transient or persistent cardiac complications are associated with long-term adverse cardiac events.

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“…There is an interesting fact that MIS-C can develop in patients with asymptomatic COVID-19 and patients with severe disease [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. It is not clear which factors are predisposing to the development of MIS-C after COVID-19, as well as examination methods that should be used for the diagnosis of MIS-C [ 26 , 27 ]. In addition, despite numerous studies, the pathophysiological mechanism of the development of this syndrome and the entire spectrum of clinical manifestations, risk factors for the severe course of the disease, and the range of necessary examinations are not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Course of COVID-19 and Long-COVID-19 in Children: Difficulties in Diagnosis

Васичкина

Kofeynikova

Fetisova

et al. 2023

Life

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The question of COVID-19 and long-COVID-19 course in children remains unsolved. This infection in children, which is associated with COVID-19, can vary from asymptomatic to systemic damage of various systems. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, associated with SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C), is a serious condition in children and adolescents after experiencing COVID-19. Published data on MIS-C have indicated that the inflammation can be registered in the gastrointestinal tract (60–100%), as well as in cardiovascular (80%), nervous (29–58%), and respiratory (21–65%) systems. However, with the changing characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, the manifestations of COVID-19 and long-COVID-19 in children have also been changing. Currently, there is no clear understanding of the development of severe COVID-19 and MIS-C in children, especially after being exposed to patients with COVID-19. We presented two new clinical courses of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with severe multisystem damage after close contact to relatives with COVID-19 or long-COVID-19. Thus, high-risk children, who are positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection after contact with COVID-19 patients, should be clinically managed during the first few months. The identification of the disease complexity requires the involvement of neurologists, cardiologists, and other specialists.

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Diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods and problems of virus SARS-CoV-2 detection under pandemic conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

New Scenarios in Heart Transplantation and Persistency of SARS-CoV-2 (Case Report)

New Scenarios in Heart Transplantation and Persistency of SARS-CoV-2 (Case Report)

COVID-19 Heart Lesions in Children: Clinical, Diagnostic and Immunological Changes

Severe Course of COVID-19 and Long-COVID-19 in Children: Difficulties in Diagnosis

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