Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium: an observational study of testing patterns, prevalence and co-infection rates in northern New Zealand

Upton, Arlo; Bissessor, Liselle; Lowe, Peter N.; Wang, Xiaoying; McAuliffe, Gary

doi:10.1071/sh17110

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Recent studies have revealed that inadequate antibiotic coverage against the associated bacteria in chlamydial cervicitis is one of the most prevalent causes of the failure of the treatment. Additionally, some studies indicated that mycoplasma genitalium is one of the most common bacteria associated with chlamydia trachomatis, and moxifloxacin is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of mycoplasma genitalium (21)(22)(23)(24)48). Based on the reports of some studies, mycoplasma genitalium treatment failed with macrolides such as azithromycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effectiveness of Single-Dose Azithromycin Versus its Combination With Moxifloxacin Based on the Treatment of Chlamydial Cervicitis: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Mohammadzadeh

Dolatian

Jorjani

et al. 2018

International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Scienc

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Objectives: Chlamydia trachomatis is globally reported as a pathogenic infection and is the most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in most countries. In addition, chlamydial cervicitis and the adverse complications of the first line treatment, namely, azithromycin failure are highly prevalent. Thus, the present study will be conducted to determine and compare the effects of single-dose azithromycin and its combination with moxifloxacin based on syndromic and etiologic methods in the diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial cervicitis. Materials and Methods: This is a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial which will be performed at the Women’s Clinics and Health Centers in Amol, Iran during 2018. Further, the study will evaluate women with cervicitis complaints, who have a proven case of chlamydial cervicitis through syndromic or etiologic diagnostic methods and meet the inclusion criteria for the study population. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this trial will be the first study to explore the effects of single-dose azithromycin in combination with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chlamydial cervicitis. The results of this trial will further reveal the diagnostic value of syndromic and etiologic methods in the diagnosis of chlamydial cervicitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several recent studies have also reported azithromycin treatment failure (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). In trying to reduce these failures, diagnostic advances are made in relation to chlamydial cervicitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Single-Dose Azithromycin Versus its Combination With Moxifloxacin Based on the Treatment of Chlamydial Cervicitis: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Mohammadzadeh

Dolatian

Jorjani

et al. 2018

International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Scienc

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“…Trials comparing azithromycin with doxycycline or other medications for the treatment of Chlamydiatrachomatis in women (cervicitis, urethritis, and rectal infection) or men (urethritis and rectal infection) were assessed. The inclusion criteria were: (1) Being a randomized clinical trial or a clinical trial; (2) Comparing treatment regimens of oral azithromycin (single- or multiple-dose regimens) with oral doxycycline (twice daily 100░mg for seven days) or other regimens; (3) Being a man or woman over the age of 12; (4) Assessment of microbial or clinical recovery during a follow-up period of 1–9 wk; and (5) Reporting treatment failure during the trial.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlamydia is one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in the world, which has a higher prevalence among adolescents and women (1). According to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) reports, the reported prevalence of chlamydia has steadily increased over the last two decades, and 92 million new cases of chlamydia trachomatis infection occurred in 2009, reaching 101, 131, and 153 million in 2011, 2012, and 2015, respectively (2,3). The risk factors for chlamydial infection include age 15–24, several sexual partners, unprotected sex, and previous history of STDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urogenital chlamydia trachomatis treatment failure with azithromycin: A meta-analysis

Mohammadzadeh

Dolatian

Jorjani

et al. 2019

IJRM

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Background: Chlamydia Trachomatis is one of the most common pathogens transmitted through the genital tract in humans that leads to urogenital infection. Objective: Given the high prevalence of chlamydia infection and its adverse effects on the health of women and men, the present meta-analysis was conducted to determine the rate of treatment failure with azithromycin. Materials and Methods: Databases including MEDLINE, ISI - Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest, and Science Direct were searched for articles published between 1991 and 2018. The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Heterogeneity was determined using the I2 and Cochrane Q-Test. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to compare the prevalence rates on different levels of the variables. Results: A total of 21 articles that met the inclusion criteria were ultimately assessed. The pooled estimate of azithromycin failure rate was 11.23% (CI 95%: 8.23%-14.24%). Also, the azithromycin failure rate was 15.87% (CI 95%: 10.20%-21.54%) for the treatment of urethritis, 7.41% (CI 95%: 0.60%-14.22%) for cervicitis, and 7.14% (CI 95%: 10.90%-3.39%) for genital chlamydia. The pooled estimate of failure rate difference was 2.37% (CI 95%: 0.68%-4.06%), which shows that azithromycin has a higher failure rate in the treatment of chlamydia compared to doxycycline and other examined medications. The meta-regression results showed that the patient’s age contributes significantly to the heterogeneity for azithromycin treatment failure rate (β = 0.826; p = 0.017). Conclusion: Azithromycin has a higher failure rate than doxycycline and other studied medications in treating urogenital chlamydia infections. Key words: Azithromycin, Chlamydia trachomatis, Urogenital, Treatment failure, Meta-analysis.

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“…A recent study showed, among multiple infections, dual infection with CT and MG was the most commonly observed in northern New Zealand. 36 Informing educational and behavioral approaches to STI interventions There are three effective approaches for disease control: education and behavioral changes, screening for and treatment of asymptomatic disease, and diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic disease. 9 Controlling STIs is dependent not only on case detection and appropriate treatment, but also screening and treatment of asymptomatic disease to prevent complications and further spread of infection in the community.…”

Section: Expanding Screening Of Stis For Larger Segments Of the Populmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of co-infections with other sexually transmitted infections in patients newly diagnosed with anogenital warts in Guangzhou, China

et al. 2020

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Prevalence of co-infecting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among patients newly diagnosed with anogenital warts is under-reported. Our objective is to determine the prevalence of six common STIs, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), genital herpes (herpes simplex virus type 2 [HSV-2]), HIV, and syphilis for patients visiting a sexual health clinic in Guangzhou, China. Demographics, sexual health, and medical histories were collected at patient intake. Patients diagnosed with anogenital warts (N = 200) were invited to participate. We collected urine samples, and urethral, cervical, and rectal swabs to test for CT, NG, and MG, and blood samples for serological detection of HSV-2, syphilis, and HIV. Overall 49 (24.5%) had a co-infection (22.2% of men and 27.7% of women). All six STIs were observed among men: CT (6.8%), NG (3.4%), MG (5.1%), HIV (4.3%), HSV-2 (4.3%), and syphilis (1.7%). Women had fewer STIs, but at higher rates: CT (13.3%), MG (6.0%), and HSV-2 (8.4%). Individual men had up to two co-infections, while women had no more than one co-infection. Chlamydia was the most common STI. Patients aged 18–25 years (35.4%) had the highest prevalence. Although opportunistic screening is often applied for high-risk groups, expansion to patients with anogenital warts in all health-care settings would improve detection of problematic asymptomatic co-infections, thereby increasing China’s capacity to contribute toward global surveillance systems.

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Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium: an observational study of testing patterns, prevalence and co-infection rates in northern New Zealand

Abstract: There are disparately low testing rates for STIs in certain high-risk groups in northern New Zealand.

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

The Effectiveness of Single-Dose Azithromycin Versus its Combination With Moxifloxacin Based on the Treatment of Chlamydial Cervicitis: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

The Effectiveness of Single-Dose Azithromycin Versus its Combination With Moxifloxacin Based on the Treatment of Chlamydial Cervicitis: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Urogenital chlamydia trachomatis treatment failure with azithromycin: A meta-analysis

Prevalence of co-infections with other sexually transmitted infections in patients newly diagnosed with anogenital warts in Guangzhou, China

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