Diagnosis of cancer-associated vascular disorders

Naschitz, Jochanan E.; Yeshurun, Daniel; Eldar, Samuel; Lev, Louise M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960501)77:9<1759::aid-cncr1>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 75 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Inflammation has been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis and disease progression [5] and local cancer-related inflammation can be reflected by a systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Nearly a third of cancer patients have thrombocytosis at diagnosis and aberrant activation of platelets has been shown to be associated with CRC [6, 7]. Lymphocytes are essential components of the tumor microenvironment, which contributes to carcinogenesis [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical use of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio as prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundConflicting evidence exists regarding the effects of platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio(LMR) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of the PLR and LMR in predicting the prognosis of CRC patients via meta-analysis.MethodsEligible studies were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase,andChina National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, supplemented by a manual search of references from retrieved articles. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using the generic inverse variance and random-effect model to evaluate the association of PLR and LMR with prognostic variables in CRC, including overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival (DFS).ResultsThirty-three studies containing 15,404 patients met criteria for inclusion. Pooled analysis suggested that elevated PLR was associated with poorer OS (pooled HR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.41 – 1.75, p< 0.00001, I2=26%) and DFS (pooled HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.92, p< 0.00001, I2=66%). Conversely, high LMR correlated with more favorable OS (pooled HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50 – 0.68, p< 0.00001, I2=44%), CSS (pooled HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.40 – 0.72, p< 0.00001, I2=11%) and DFS (pooled HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71– 0.94,p=0.005, I2=29%).ConclusionsElevated PLR was associated with poor prognosis, while high LMR correlated with more favorable outcomes in CRC patients. Pretreatment PLR and LMR could serve as prognostic predictors in CRC patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical use of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio as prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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“…4 Serum platelet levels greater than 400 Â 10 9 /L have correlated with more aggressive tumor biology and decreased survival in multiple different cancer types. 5Y10 Tumor cells activate platelets through interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion inducing a thrombogenic environment, 11 and platelets have been shown to directly contribute to a tumor's growth, metastatic potential, 12Y18 and vasculature homeostasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy Response Rates Among Patients With Endometrial Cancer Who Have Elevated Serum Platelets

Kizer

Hatem

Nugent

et al. 2015

Int J Gynecol Cancer

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Objective This retrospective study evaluates the influence of serum platelet count on chemotherapy response rates among women with endometrial cancer. Methods From three separate cancer centers, a total of 318 patients with endometrial cancer who received post-operative chemotherapy between June 1999 and October 2009 were retrospectively identified. Endometrioid, serous, clear cell, and carcinosarcoma histologies were included. Subjects were classified as having an elevated platelet count if their serum platelet count was greater than 400 × 109/L at the time of initial diagnosis. Primary outcome was chemotherapy response, classified as either complete or partial/refractory. Secondary outcomes were disease free and disease specific survival (DFS, DSS). Chi-square and Student t-tests were performed as appropriate. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess serum platelet effect on survival. Results There were 125 deaths, 76 recurrences, and 48 disease progressions. Of the total group, 53 (16.7%) were categorized as having an elevated platelet count. An elevated platelet count was associated with a lower chemotherapy response rate in univariate analysis (HR 2.8; 95% CI 1.46, 5.38; p <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed elevated platelets to be independently associated with decreased DFS (HR 2.24; 95% CI 1.26, 3.98; p<0.01) but not DSS (HR 1.03, 95%CI 0.56, 1.88, p=0.93). Conclusions Endometrial cancer patients with an elevated serum platelet count > 400 × 109/L may have lower chemotherapy response rates and are at increased risk for recurrence when compared to patients with a count within normal range.

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“…However, because the velocity of blood flow in the SVC is too fast to permit blood thrombosis, the development of SVC thrombosis alone is extremely rare [4-6]. In patients with neoplastic disease, a syndrome can occur with recurrent thrombosis in unusual areas (including SVC), known as Trousseau's syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a well-known manifestation of benign and malignant tumors of the upper mediastinum, that causes obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava (SVC) [2] in approximately 1.7% to 4% of patients with lung cancer [2,3]. Most of the cases are caused by compression of the SVC by tumors; pure intravascular thrombosis is extremely uncommon and only 0.04% of hospitalized adults have been diagnosed with cancer-related SVC thrombosis [3,4]. Percutaneous treatment via stenting is an accepted strategy as a palliative approach for patients with SVCS if it is impossible to treat the underlying disease, most commonly a metastatic tumor, and when the patient is highly symptomatic [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclavian thrombosis in a patient with advanced lung cancer: a case report

et al. 2011

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IntroductionLung cancer is now considered the most common cause of death among cancer patients. Although target biological regimens have emerged in recent years for non-small cell lung carcinoma, the survival and quality of life of patients with this condition still remain low. The five-year survival rate for all stages of lung cancer is 17% or less.Case presentationWe describe the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian woman who was diagnosed with advanced stage IIIa (T2aN2M0) non-small cell lung carcinoma (adenocarcinoma) and underwent a complete left upper lobectomy three years ago. After two and a half years of follow-up, she suddenly presented with facial edema and venous distension and was immediately treated for superior vena cava syndrome. Because of a diagnostic check, a major clot was detected in the right subclavian vein. Our patient was informed about treatment options, and she was taken to the catheterization laboratory for percutaneous stenting of the superior vena cava to restore superior vena cava patency.ConclusionLung cancer has a vast number of complications. Superior vena cava syndrome and thrombosis should be considered upon the presentation of a patient with obstructive symptoms. In this case report, even though we expected the clot to be on the side of the former lesion, it was present on the opposite side. Treatment should also start immediately in these patients with clinical suspicion of thrombosis to avoid further complications, even in cases with a differential diagnosis problem. Finally, although patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma have a high incidence of thromboembolic events, anticoagulant treatment is given only as maintenance therapy after a first event occurs.

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Diagnosis of cancer-associated vascular disorders

Cited by 75 publications

References 69 publications

The clinical use of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio as prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

The clinical use of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio as prognostic predictors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Chemotherapy Response Rates Among Patients With Endometrial Cancer Who Have Elevated Serum Platelets

Subclavian thrombosis in a patient with advanced lung cancer: a case report

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