Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Kloet, Arne H. de; Kerski, Anelle; Kloet, Siwo R. de

doi:10.1177/1040638711403406

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…A 2011 publication suggested the use of gbRT-PCR on feather calami to diagnose ABV infection in psittacine birds. 3 As feathers were not assessed in the current study, the authors cannot comment on viral load, but it appears reasonable that real-time RT-PCR assessment might also be a more sensitive test for this application.…”

Section: Research-article2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Avian bornavirus in multiple tissues of infected psittacine birds using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

et al. 2014

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Avian bornavirus (ABV), the cause of proventricular dilation disease in psittacine birds, has been detected in multiple tissues of infected birds using immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In the current study, real-time RT-PCR, using primers targeting the ABV matrix gene, was used to detect ABV in 146 tissues from 7 ABV-infected psittacine birds. Eighty-six percent of the samples tested positive, with crossing point values ranging from 13.82 to 37.82 and a mean of 22.3. These results were compared to the findings of a previous study using gel-based RT-PCR and IHC on the same samples. The agreement between the 2 RT-PCR techniques was 91%; when tests disagreed it was because samples were negative using gel-based RT-PCR but positive on real-time RT-PCR. Agreement with IHC was 77%; 16 out of 74 samples were negative using IHC but positive on real-time RT-PCR. The results suggest that real-time RT-PCR is a more sensitive technique than gel-based RT-PCR and IHC to detect ABV in tissues. The tissues that were ranked most frequently as having a high amount of viral RNA were proventriculus, kidney, colon, cerebrum, and cerebellum. Skeletal muscle, on the other hand, was found to have a consistently low amount of viral RNA.

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Section: Research-article2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Avian bornavirus in multiple tissues of infected psittacine birds using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

et al. 2014

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“…Respiratory tract secretions can also be a source of virus. Social interactions such as mutual preening may enhance virus transmission de Kloet et al, 2011). More recently, ABV RNA was detected in eggs, embryos, and hatchlings of various psittacine and passerine species, suggesting the possibility of vertical transmission of ABV (Lierz et al, 2011;Kerski et al, 2012;Monaco et al, 2012;Rubbenstroth et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the possibility of vertical transmission of avian bornavirus in free-ranging Canada geese (Branta canadensis)

et al. 2014

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To investigate the possibility of in ovo infection with avian bornavirus (ABV) in wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis), 53 eggs were opportunistically collected at various stages of embryonic development from 16 freeranging goose nests at a large urban zoo site where ABV infection is known to be present in this species. ABV RNA was detected in the yolk of one of three unembryonated eggs using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ABV RNA was not identified in the brains from 23 newly hatched goslings or 19 embryos, nor from three early whole embryos. Antibodies against ABV were not detected in the plasma of any of the hatched goslings using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Possible reasons for the failure to detect ABV RNA in hatchlings or embryos include low sample size, eggs deriving from parents not actively infected with ABV, the testing of only brain tissue, and failure of the virus to replicate in Canada goose embryos. In conclusion, this preliminary investigation demonstrating the presence of ABV RNA in the yolk of a Canada goose egg provides the first evidence for the potential for vertical transmission of ABV in waterfowl.

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“…Specific avian bornavirus IHC stains, molecular techniques and serological assays are not yet routinely available in South Africa, and this has complicated the diagnostic work-up of suspect cases in this country. The extent of the distribution of ABV in different avian species in South Africa is currently unknown, but with the advent of specific pathogen detection procedures and serological techniques a more informed assessment of the extent of infection and risk of ABV to the avian populations in South Africa should be possible (De Kloet et al 2011;Lierz et al 2009). The new molecular techniques are also extremely useful in the ante-mortal diagnosis of PDD, complementing and enhancing diagnostic FIGURE 5: Brain bird 1 -prominent perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes and plasma cells forming thick perivascular cuffs (arrow).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Diagnosis had been based on consistent clinical data, gross pathological features and characteristic histopathology, as the link to avian bornavirus had not yet been established. The association of avian bornavirus with PDD led to the development of specific immunohistochemical (IHC), molecular and serological diagnostic assays (De Kloet, Kerski & De Kloet 2011;Gancz et al 2010;Hoppes et al 2010;Weissenböck et al 2009a). The first identification and gene sequencing of avian borrnavirus recovered from clinical cases of PDD in exotic birds from South Africa is described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian bornavirus genotype 4 recovered from naturally infected psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease in South Africa

Last¹,

Weissenböck²,

Nedorost³

et al. 2012

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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The occurrence of proventricular dilatation disease caused by avian bornavirus (ABV) in captive psittacine birds has long been suspected in South Africa. This report documents the first detection by polymerase chain reaction and gene sequence analyses of ABV from three clinical cases of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in captive bred blue and gold macaws (Araara rauna) resident in this country. Lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis, gastrointestinal myenteric gangioneuritis and leiomyositis were the most prominent histopathological changes and ABV genotype 4 was detected in tissues from all three birds. Immunohistochemical stains for ABV antigen revealed positive labelling of neurons and glial cells of the brain, myenteric ganglia and nerve fibres as well as smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal tract of all three birds. In one bird, positive labelling of the peripheral nerves was observed. The identical sequence of the analaysed genome fragment of all three samples, history that all of these birds had originated from the same breeding facility, and young age at presentation raise the question of possible vertical transmission.

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Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Cited by 34 publications

References 46 publications

Detection of Avian bornavirus in multiple tissues of infected psittacine birds using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Detection of Avian bornavirus in multiple tissues of infected psittacine birds using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Investigation into the possibility of vertical transmission of avian bornavirus in free-ranging Canada geese (Branta canadensis)

Avian bornavirus genotype 4 recovered from naturally infected psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease in South Africa

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