Diagnosis of acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee by sonography

Larsen, Lars; Rasmussen, O.

doi:10.1016/s0929-8266(00)00109-9

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Several groups have implemented traditional B-mode diagnostic ultrasound imaging for in vivo evalutation of ligamentous tissues. 46,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] Suzuki et al 60 applied ultrasound imaging as a noninvasive tool for diagnosing injuries to the ACL, and Scherer et al 58 used ultrasound to monitor postsurgery recovery of patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction. Recently, Revell et al 62 utilized a block-matching technique to determine strain fields from dynamic sequences of ultrasound images of digital flexor and patellar tendons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastographic imaging of strain distribution in the anterior cruciate ligament and at the ligament–bone insertions

Spalazzi

Gallina

Fung-Kee-Fung

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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ABSTRACT:The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) functions as a mechanical stabilizer in the tibiofemoral joint, and is the most commonly injured knee ligament. To improve the clinical outcome of tendon grafts used for ACL reconstructions, our long-term goal is to promote graft-bone integration via the regeneration of the native ligament-bone interface. An understanding of strain distribution at this interface is crucial for functional scaffold design and clinical evaluation. Experimental determination, however, has been difficult due to the small length scale of the insertion sites. This study utilizes ultrasound elastography to characterize the response of the ACL and ACL-bone interface under tension. Specifically, bovine tibiofemoral joints were mounted on a material testing system and loaded in tension while radiofrequency (RF) data were acquired at 5 MHz. Axial strain elastograms between RF frames and a reference frame were generated using crosscorrelation and recorrelation techniques. Elastographic analyses revealed that when the joint was loaded in tension, complex strains with both compressive and tensile components occurred at the tibial insertion, with higher strains found at the insertion sites. In addition, the displacement was greatest at the ACL proper and decreased in value gradually from ligament to bone, likely a reflection of the matrix organization at the ligament-bone interface. Our results indicate that elastography is a novel method that can be readily used to characterize the mechanical properties of the ACL and its insertions into bone. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastographic imaging of strain distribution in the anterior cruciate ligament and at the ligament–bone insertions

Spalazzi

Gallina

Fung-Kee-Fung

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Tears may appear as focal disruptions or diffuse thickening (25). An abnormal hypoechoic or anechoic appearance of the partially visualized ACL along the lateral intercondylar notch is suggestive of a ligament tear (26).…”

Section: Lateralmentioning

confidence: 99%

US of the Knee: Scanning Techniques, Pitfalls, and Pathologic Conditions

Alves¹,

Girish²,

Brigido³

et al. 2016

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1Pain and other disorders of the knee are a common presenting complaint in the ambulatory setting. Although the cornerstones of imaging evaluation of the knee are radiographs and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, ultrasonography (US) is less expensive than MR imaging, easily available, and of comparable accuracy in the evaluation of certain pathologic conditions of the knee. The benefits of US include portability, low cost, high spatial resolution, dynamic imaging, and ability to guide percutaneous interventions when indicated. US also allows direct patient contact, facilitating immediate clinical correlation and the ability to compare with the contralateral knee. US evaluation of the knee can be targeted to a specific region on the basis of the complaint or be a comprehensive review. For comprehensive evaluation, the knee is divided into anterior, medial, lateral, and posterior compartments for structured evaluation of the tendons, ligaments, joint space, osseous structures, as well as peripheral nerves and vasculature. US is particularly well suited for evaluating injuries of the quadriceps and patellar tendons, injuries of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, joint effusions, and fluid collections around the knee. There is additional utility in evaluation of the distal hamstrings tendons, the iliotibial tract, the superficial patellar cortex, the common peroneal nerve, the popliteal vessels, and juxta-articular cystic collections including Baker cyst. In-depth appreciation of relevant sonographic anatomy, common pathologic conditions, knowledge of important pitfalls, and mastery of US technique will allow one to effectively use this powerful bedside tool for the evaluation of a wide variety of knee disorders.

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“…Although it is possible to diagnose a notch of bone-block dislocation via conventional X-ray findings, a precise description of the neoligament is unattainable [1]. Ultrasound has been shown to supply reliable data for diagnosing acute ACL ruptures [2,3,4]. No relevant data are available for the value of ultrasound in the post-operative evaluation of cruciate neoligaments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructed anterior cruciate ligaments using patellar tendon ligament grafts: diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced MRI in a 2-year follow-up regimen

et al. 2001

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We analyzed prospectively the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced MRI following anterior cruciate neoligament (ACL) reconstruction. One hundred fifty-six MR examinations were performed 2, 12, 52, 76, and 104 weeks post-operatively on 68 patients with ACL transplants. Sagittal, parasagittal, and coronal images using unenhanced T1- and T2-weighted spinecho sequences, and post-contrast images utilizing T1-weighted spinecho and fat-saturated sequences, were acquired. Results were correlated with those of the pivot shift, Lachman, and a mechanical test. The MR examination criteria included morphological analysis, signal intensity, transplant contrast enhancement, secondary signs (e.g., elongation of normal ligaments), and comparison with clinically standardized test results. Two weeks post-operatively all neoligaments showed homogeneous low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted spinecho sequences indistinguishable from that of normal cruciate or patellar ligaments [contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) on T1: 1.6], with a 9% percentile enhancement. At 12-52 weeks, signal intensity increased (C/N: 6.7), with a mean 50% percentile enhancement. The 1-year follow-up allowed no definite assessment of the neoligament's course. At 76 and 104 weeks, significant decrements in signal intensity (C/N: 3.0) and ligamentous percentile enhancement (25%) occurred. All patients tested displayed stable transplants 2 years post-operatively. Contrast-enhanced MRI allows accurate evaluation of morphology and function up to 3 months postoperatively and 1-2 years following ACL reconstructive surgery.

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Diagnosis of acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee by sonography

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

Elastographic imaging of strain distribution in the anterior cruciate ligament and at the ligament–bone insertions

Elastographic imaging of strain distribution in the anterior cruciate ligament and at the ligament–bone insertions

US of the Knee: Scanning Techniques, Pitfalls, and Pathologic Conditions

Reconstructed anterior cruciate ligaments using patellar tendon ligament grafts: diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced MRI in a 2-year follow-up regimen

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