Diagnosis, Health Beliefs, and Risk of HIV Infection in Psychiatric Patients

McDermott, Barbara E.; Sautter, Frederic J.; Winstead, Daniel K.; Quirk, Thomas

doi:10.1176/ps.45.6.580

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A concerted counselling is required for these patients so that they can continue with the prescribed medication. Due to low level of education and poor life circumstances and associated psychological reaction high anxiety and depression [42][43][44][45][46] they run the risk of discontinuing their medication 47. A good counselling, supportive psychotherapy, and surveillance and management of toxic reaction will go a long way to help patients to continue with treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Khan

Sharma

2013

Asian J Med Sci

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Although India is in the grip of HIV/AIDS epidemic, not much information is available on socio-demographic and clinical aspects of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The present study has been designed with the following objective. Objectives: To assess the socio-demographic and clinical profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) in India. Material and methods:The study was carried among 251 HIV/AIDS positive persons attending the out-patients department at the antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic of the HIV testing centers at three major govt. hospital of Delhi, India. All the patients, male and female in the age range of 20-65 years and willing to participate were included in this study during the period 2007-2009. Written as well as informed consent was obtained for each patient at the time of recruitment. The HIV status was analyzed by ELISA with further confirmation by western blot; CD4/CD8 counts were measured by a flow-cytometer. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square test in order to see the association between age groups for various psychological measures and for treatment responses of the participants receiving ART. Results: Majority of the patients (77.7%) were found to be young (<40 years) and married (86.9 %). As high as 61.8% came from low socio-economic class and more than 93.6% acquired HIV transmission through heterosexual routes. A large proportion of these patients reported an extremely high level of anxiety, moderate level of stress and a borderline level of clinical depression. While some of the patients (28.3%) were well-adjusted with the ART, the rest of the patients reported difference in making adjustment with the treatment schedules. Conclusion: The study suggests that counseling and supportive therapy could play a pivotal role in controlling anxiety, stress, depression and rehabilitating people with HIV/AIDS. Thus, proper preventive intervention among general population and establishment of proper laboratory support is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Khan

Sharma

2013

Asian J Med Sci

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“…Clinicians have been found to underestimate the capability and willingness of persons with SMI to care for their own well-being Davidson et al, 1999;Salzer, Rappaport, & Segre, 2001;Sarason, Levine, Goldenberg, Cherlin, & Bennet, 1966). However, contrary to these expectations, several studies suggest that condom use is unrelated to psychiatric diagnosis (e.g., Kelly et al, 1995;Levounis et al, 2002;McDermott, Sautter, Winstead, & Quirk, 1994;Susser et al, 1995). Similarly, of three studies examining the accuracy of HIV risk assessment by persons with SMI, two found that individuals who engaged in sexual risk behaviors correctly perceived themselves at higher risk for HIV (Carey, Carey, Weinhardt, & Gordon, 1997;Otto-Salaj et al, 1998;Weinhardt, Carey, & Carey, 1998).…”

Section: Hiv Risk Reduction For Persons With Smimentioning

confidence: 97%

Negotiating Risk: Knowledge and Use of HIV Prevention by Persons With Serious Mental Illness Living in Supportive Housing

Kloos

Gross

Meese

et al. 2005

American Journal of Community Psychology

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As a population, persons with serious mental illness (SMI) have an elevated risk for HIV infection. However, relatively little is known about how the risk of HIV has affected their lives, how persons with SMI evaluate their HIV risk, and what preventive measures they undertake. Furthermore, relatively little is known about community-based HIV prevention for persons with SMI as most interventions have been restricted to clinical settings. This report presents findings on the HIV-related experiences of persons with SMI living in supportive housing programs, one possible setting for implementing community-based HIV prevention with this population. The qualitative investigation interviewed 41 men and women living in five supportive housing programs. In-depth, qualitative interviews elicited discussion of research participants' (a) experiences with HIV, (b) knowledge about HIV and HIV prevention, (c) assessments of their own risk, (d) descriptions of how they apply their prevention knowledge, and (e) reports of barriers for HIV prevention. Research participants describe social networks that have substantial contact with persons affected by HIV. However, contrary to some expectations of persons with SMI, research participants report using HIV prevention knowledge in negotiating their risk of contracting HIV. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of their relevance for implementing community-based HIV prevention for persons with SMI.

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“…Yet, there has been little research on HIV risk among persons with BDs specifically. In two studies of psychiatric inpatients, individuals with BD were more likely to report increased sexual thoughts, sexual desire, and/or sexual activity (Sacks et al, 1994) and to have had sex with prostitutes (McDermott et al, 1994) prior to hospitalization. However, these studies were limited by small sample sizes, unstandardized HIV risk measures, and reliance on medical records for psychiatric diagnoses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV risk behavior among patients with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders: Associations with mania and drug abuse

Meade

Graff

Griffin

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background-Bipolar and substance use disorders frequently co-occur, and both are associated with impulsivity, impaired judgment, and risk-taking.Objectives-This study aimed to: (1) describe the rates of HIV sexual and drug risk behaviors among patients with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders, (2) test whether acute mania, psychiatric severity, and drug severity independently predict HIV risk, and (3) examine the relationship between specific substance dependencies and sexual risk behaviors.Method-Participants (N = 101) were assessed for psychiatric diagnoses, substance abuse, and HIV risk behavior using structured clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires.Results-The majority (75%) were sexually active in the past 6 months and reported high rates of sexual risk behaviors, including unprotected intercourse (69%), multiple partners (39%), sex with prostitutes (24%, men only), and sex trading (10%). In a multivariate linear regression model, recent manic episode, lower psychiatric severity, and greater drug severity were independent predictors of total HIV risk. Cocaine dependence was associated with increased risk of sex trading.Conclusions-Results underscore the importance of HIV prevention for this population.

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Diagnosis, Health Beliefs, and Risk of HIV Infection in Psychiatric Patients

Cited by 45 publications

References 9 publications

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of People Living with HIV/AIDS.

Negotiating Risk: Knowledge and Use of HIV Prevention by Persons With Serious Mental Illness Living in Supportive Housing

HIV risk behavior among patients with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders: Associations with mania and drug abuse

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