Diagnosis and Treatment of Separation-Related Behavior Problems in Dogs

Borchelt, Peter L.; Voith, Victoria L.

doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(82)50106-4

Cited by 59 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…In this phase, if CLM can decrease the anxiety-induced behavior, the owner may become more confident that the behavioral therapy is going to be successful and they will comply with the therapy. Continuous behavioral therapy is strongly needed for treatment of separation anxiety, which sometimes takes up to several months [3,21]. From this aspect, supplementary drug treatment to the behavioral therapy is useful for separation anxiety in dogs, even if cessation of the drug may cause some withdrawal symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63(6): 591-595, 2001 Excessive anxiety is one of the largest affective disorders in humans, and a similar symptom has been observed in dogs, namely "separation anxiety" which is defined as excessive vocalization, inappropriate elimination and destruction associated with the owner's absence [3,21,34]. Behavioral modification, such as desensitization and counter-conditioning, are the most important and effective measures for solving these behavioral problems in dogs [3,21,34], as in human clinics. Behavioral modification is, however, sometimes accompanied by an increase in anxiety or aggression [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pharmacological Manipulations of the Extinction Process of Fear-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization in Rats.

Kikusui

Takeuchi

Mori

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The effects of pharmacological manipulation on the extinction process of fear-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), which are considered distress calls related to anxiety, were investigated. Male Wistar rats were conditioned to emit USVs by being given repeated electrical foot-shocks while in a chamber. After 10 sessions of conditioning, the animals started to emit USVs upon mere exposure to the shock chamber without being shocked. Using these animals, the extinction process of the USVs was examined. With repeated exposure to the chamber without shocks, the USVs first increased and then gradually decreased. i.e., the extinction burst was observed. Daily intraperitoneal injections of a benzodiazepine-GABA receptor agonist diazepam (DZP; 1.0 mg/kg) or a tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (CLM; 20 mg/kg) inhibited this extinction burst. Moreover, CLM, but not DZP, shortened the period required for extinction as compared with the vehicle-treated animals. Following the extinction phase, the emission of USVs was enhanced by the cessation of both drug treatments. These results suggest that CLM would be useful for reducing anxiety-related behaviors in the extinction process, as long as withdrawal symptoms after long-term drug treatments are taken into consideration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Manipulations of the Extinction Process of Fear-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization in Rats.

Kikusui

Takeuchi

Mori

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The separation test was chosen as it has been established that it induces short-term distress in dogs [33], with reunion being a positive experience. From an applied perspective, assessing physiological correlates of separation distress in dogs is highly relevant, since it is a common condition compromising dog welfare [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in ear temperature in relation to separation distress in dogs

Riemer

Assis

Pike

et al. 2016

Physiology & Behavior

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Highlights• Pet dogs were tested in a brief separation test and filmed remotely using thermography• Temperature was analyzed from selected patches of both ear pinnae simultaneously• Social isolation was associated with a significant decrease in ear pinnae temperature• Temperature of the two ears did not differ significantly from each other• Long distance thermography is a useful tool in non-invasive stress monitoring AbstractInfrared thermography can visualize changes in body surface temperature that result from stress-induced physiological changes and alterations of blood flow patterns. Here we explored its use for remote stress monitoring (i.e. removing need for human presence) in a sample of six pet dogs. Dogs were tested in a brief separation test involving contact with their owner, a stranger, and social isolation for two one-minute-periods. Tests were filmed using a thermographic camera set up in a corner of the room, around 7 metres from where the subjects spent most of the time. Temperature was measured from selected regions of both ear pinnae simultaneously. Temperature of both ear pinnae showed a pattern of decrease during separation and increase when a person (either the owner or a stranger) was present, with no lateralized temperature differences between the two ears. Long distance thermographic measurement is a promising technique for non-invasive remote stress assessment, although there are some limitations related to dogs' hair structure over the ears, making it unsuitable for some subjects.

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“…In addition, many dogs have chronic anxiety disorders that are not severe enough to result in relinquishment or euthanasia but do reduce the welfare of these animals. [6][7][8][9][10] Many dogs also suffer unnecessarily when ignorant or misguided owners resort to inappropriate punishments and aversive training methods for dogs with behavior problems. Equally important, certain behavior problems in dogs represent a serious public health concern.…”

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confidence: 99%