Diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: current advances and challenges

Diebels, Ian; Schil, Paul Van

doi:10.21037/jtd-22-364

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…ACSL5 is a member of the long-chain Acyl-CoA synthase (ACSLs) family and is known to participate in intestinal cell differentiation and maturation by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal cells. 19 Abnormal expression of ACSL5 has been strongly associated with colorectal cancer, glioma, and other cancers. 20 ACSL5 also holds potential prognostic value in various tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory roles of ACSL5 in the anti-tumor function of palmitic acid (C16:0) <em>via</em> the ERK signaling pathway

Lv,

Yanting,

Wei

2023

Eur J Histochem

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Previous studies have highlighted the susceptibility of cancer to perturbations in lipid metabolism. In particular, C16:0 has emerged as a promising novel treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. In our study, we investigated the levels of C16:0 in the serum of non-small lung cancer patients were significant downregulation compared to healthy individuals (n=10; p<0.05). Moreover, our in vitro experiments using A549 cells demonstrated that C16:0 effectively inhibited proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Despite these promising results, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. CCK-8 assay, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the effects of C16:0, on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of A549 cells. RNA sequencing was used to identify essential factors involved in C16:0-growth inhibition in lung cancer. Further, the expression levels of related gene and proteins were detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Mouse NSCLC subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established, and gastric lavage was given with C16:0. Tumor volume assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to detect tumor growth in vivo. Our analysis revealed a significant upregulation of ACSL5 and its associated proteins in C16:0-treated A549 cells compared to the control group both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the knockdown of ACSL5 reversed the anti-tumor effect, resulting in an increased rate of the malignant phenotype mentioned above. Additionally, the expression of phosphorylated ERK protein was significantly inhibited with increasing concentrations of C16:0 in A549 cells. These results reveal for the first time that C16:0, as a novel target, regulates ACLS5 through the ERK signaling pathway, to inhibit the proliferation and apoptosis and inhibits cell migration and invasion of NSCLC. These findings may lead to the development of a novel therapeutic approach for non-small lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory roles of ACSL5 in the anti-tumor function of palmitic acid (C16:0) <em>via</em> the ERK signaling pathway

Lv,

Yanting,

Wei

2023

Eur J Histochem

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“…Monitoring ctDNA is important in the treatment of lung cancer. It can guide drug use and help analyze the mechanism of drug resistance ( 25 ). But this study is a retrospective study, the genetic test results of these patients with EGFR mutations are not complete, and further studies cannot be conducted to explore which patients are more likely to benefit from anlotinib.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etoposide soft capsule combined with anlotinib in the third-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Dai,

Qiu,

Lin

et al. 2023

J Thorac Dis

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Background The physical tolerance in the advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient often deteriorates, with a limited effective rate of the third-line treatment. This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of etoposide soft capsules combined with anlotinib in the third-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients with advanced NSCLC who had failed second-line treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) of advanced NSCLC patients served as an endpoint. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were applied to evaluate the short-term efficacy of anlotinib treatment in advanced NSCLC patients. Results Among 46 third-line NSCLC patients, none had complete remission (CR), 9 had partial remission (PR), 29 had stable disease (SD), and 8 had progressive disease (PD). The objective response rate (ORR) was 19.57%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 82.61%, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 6.3 months, and the median overall survival (mOS) was 10.1 months. Common adverse reactions included fatigue, hypertension, nausea, stomatitis, leukopenia, hand-foot syndrome, abnormal liver function, proteinuria, hemoptysis, and hypothyroidism, among others. The incidence of grade 3 adverse reactions was 8.9%, and there were no grade 4 adverse reactions. Conclusions Etoposide soft capsule combined with anlotinib demonstrated a marked effect on the third-line treatment of advanced NSCLC patients, and is well tolerated.

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“…Moreover, blood sampling (liquid biopsy) has recently been used as a noninvasive technique as part of in vitro diagnosis (IVD), allowing the exploration of several molecular markers during the disease evolution [ 25 , 26 ]. In this context, circulation tumor cells (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) quantification have been employed to evaluate treatment response and cancer progression, but despite the great specificity of these assays, they have a low sensitivity [ 27 ]. In addition, the assessment of blood circulating proteins like CEA, CYFRA 21-1 (serum cytokeratin 19 fragment), fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), as markers of lung cancer progression, has been considered inconclusive [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Stress Hormones in Lung Cancer Progression

González-Ávila

Sommer

García-Hernández

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

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Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and psychological stress are associated with poor cancer prognosis. The current work goal was to determine MMPs’ and stress hormones’ blood concentrations from lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) patients. Patients were divided into the following groups: tobacco smokers (TS), wood smoke-exposed (W), passive smokers (PS), TS exposed to wood smoke (TW), and patients with no recognizable risk factor (N). MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol blood concentrations were measured by ELISA. Zymography and Western blot assays were performed to determine MMP-2 and MMP-9 active and latent forms. MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 blood concentrations, and MMP-9 gelatinase activity were augmented, while MMP-12, MMP-14, and TIMP-2 were diminished in LAC patients. Cortisol was increased in LAC samples. Adrenaline concentrations were higher in W, TS, and TW, and noradrenaline was increased in W and N groups. Positive correlations were observed among cortisol and TIMP-1 ( r s = 0.392 ) and TIMP-2 ( r s = 0.409 ) in the W group and between noradrenaline and MMP-2 ( r s = 0.391 ) in the N group. MMPs’ blood concentration increments can be considered as lung cancer progression markers. Although stress hormones were also augmented, only weak correlations were observed between them and MMPs and TIMPs.

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Diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: current advances and challenges

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Regulatory roles of ACSL5 in the anti-tumor function of palmitic acid (C16:0) <em>via</em> the ERK signaling pathway

Regulatory roles of ACSL5 in the anti-tumor function of palmitic acid (C16:0) <em>via</em> the ERK signaling pathway

Etoposide soft capsule combined with anlotinib in the third-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Stress Hormones in Lung Cancer Progression

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