Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections in Lung Transplant Recipients

Escamilla, Joel; January, Spenser E.; Guillamet, Rodrigo Vazquez

doi:10.3390/pathogens12050694

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 167 publications

(253 reference statements)

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“…The study noted a false positive rate of 12%, which could be attributed to procedural factors (e.g., environmental contamination with Aspergillus species, cross-reaction with sequences from other fungal species such as Penicillium species) or clinical factors such as respiratory tract colonization with Aspergillus species [ 57 ]. The primary limitations of Aspergillus PCR testing include the difficulty in differentiating between colonization and active infection, the lack of a standardized PCR methodology, and the inability to identify Aspergillus subspecies [ 58 ]. With recent advances in the standardization of laboratory procedures [ 59 ], various commercial PCR assays such as AsperGenius (target gene: 28S rDNA, PathoNostics) and MycAssay Aspergillus (target gene: 18S rDNA, Myconostica), have been developed and become available [ 60 ].…”

Section: Culture Independent Diagnostic Assays For Invasive Aspergill...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture-independent diagnostic approaches for invasive aspergillosis in solid organ transplant recipients

Yoo,

Park

2023

Korean J Transplant

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Prompt and accurate diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA) is crucial for immunocompromised patients, including those who have received a solid organ transplant (SOT). Despite their low sensitivity, microscopic detection and conventional culture are considered the 'gold standard' methods. In conjunction with conventional culture, culture-independent assays such as serum galactomannan testing and Aspergillus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been incorporated into the diagnostic process for IA. The recently revised consensus definitions from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycosis Study Group have adjusted the threshold for positive galactomannan testing based on the sample type, and have excluded 1,3-β-D-glucan testing as a mycological criterion. Following extensive standardization efforts, positive Aspergillus PCR tests using serum, plasma, or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have been added. However, there are limited studies evaluating the clinical utility of these culture-independent assays for the early diagnosis of IA in SOT recipients. Therefore, further research is required to determine whether these assays could aid in the early diagnosis of IA in SOT recipients, particularly in relation to the organ transplanted. In this review, we examine the culture-independent diagnostic methods for IA in SOT recipients, as well as the clinical utility of these assays.

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