Diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia: the results of observational Russian program DIAMANT

Parfenov, V. А.; Zhivolupov, S. A.; Nikulina, K. V.; Повереннова, И. Е.; Lapatuhin, V. G.; Zhestikova, M. G.; Жукова, Н. Г.; Glazunov, Alexey Borisovich

doi:10.17116/jnevro20181186115

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…A study on the effect of the combination of RAF Abs to S100 and RAF Abs to eNOS on potentially reversible vascular factors, which play one of the leading roles in the development of cognitive impairment, was performed in the course of the noninterventional observational program Diamant 193. The program was conducted in 30 cities in Russia between 2016 and 2017.…”

Section: Treatment Of Vci and Perspectives Of A Novel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Vascular cognitive impairment: pathophysiological mechanisms, insights into structural basis, and perspectives in specific treatments</p>

Parfenov¹,

Остроумова²,

Остроумова³

et al. 2019

NDT

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Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and vascular dementia are the most common forms of cognitive disorder associated with cerebrovascular disease and related to increased morbidity and mortality among the older population. Growing evidence suggests the contribution of blood-pressure variability, cardiac arrhythmia, hyperactivation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling and stiffness, different angiopathies, neural tissue homeostasis, and systemic metabolic disorders to the pathophysiology of VCI. In this review, we focus on factors contributing to cerebrovascular disease, neurovascular unit alterations, and novel approaches to cognitive improvement in patients with cognitive decline. One of the important factors associated with the neuronal causes of VCI is the S100B protein, which can affect the expression of cytokines in the brain, support homeostasis, and regulate processes of differentiation, repair, and apoptosis of the nervous tissue. Since the pathological basis of VCI is complex and diverse, treatment affecting the mechanisms of cognitive disorders should be developed. The prospective role of a novel complex drug consisting of released–active antibodies to S100 and to endothelial NO synthase in VCI treatment is highlighted.

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Section: Treatment Of Vci and Perspectives Of A Novel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Vascular cognitive impairment: pathophysiological mechanisms, insights into structural basis, and perspectives in specific treatments</p>

Parfenov¹,

Остроумова²,

Остроумова³

et al. 2019

NDT

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Elderly patients with cognitive impairments on an ambulance care

Bogdanova

Андреевна²,

博格達諾娃³

et al. 2021

Rossiĭskiĭ semeĭnyĭ vrach

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BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is one of the most common geriatric syndromes that occur in the elderly. Dementia is a severe cognitive disorder that results in the professional, social, and functional impairment and gradual loss of independence. However, in most cases, the stage of dementia is preceded by a long period of non-dementia cognitive impairment. In this regard, one of the priorities of public health is to identify potentially reversible forms of dementia and cognitive impairment in the early stages. AIM: To assess demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and factors that are associated with cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years and over and to determine the prevalence of cognitive disorders in aging population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: cross-sectional study included all patients aged 65 years and older who attended the ambulance care from 24.10.2019 to 15.12.2019 in Saint Petersburg. Measurements: the Montreal cognitive assessment test, the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Data collection included a full medical history, blood pressure measurement, a medication review and blood tests (complete blood count, lipids, hormones, glucose, ALT, AST and creatinine). RESULTS: The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment was 62.9 % (95 % CI 56-70), severe cognitive impairment 8.2 %. We detected that hypertension, stroke, sleep disorders, subjective memory complaints and symptoms of depression were identified as factors associated with CI after adjustment for covariates. Hypertension and depression were related with cognitive impairment (p 0.05). Also patients with depression scored worse in global cognition and attention function (p 0.05). Patients with diabetes had association with a decrease in abstraction function (p = 0.02). Low hemoglobin levels were related with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p 0.01). Beta-blocker use was significantly associated with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found that elders have a high prevalence of cognitive disorders. We also demonstrated association between co-morbidities and factors as hypertension, anemia, diabetes, depression and administration of beta-blockers with poor cognitive performance in the elderly.

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Methodological Problems of Psychometric Tests in Clinical Studies of Cognitive Disorders in Patients with Cerebral Vascular Lesions: a Review

Aizenshtein

Trofimova

Mikadze

et al. 2023

Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine

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AIM. To assess cognitive dysfunction in clinical practice, depending on the task being solved in the examination, different neuropsychological research methods are used. To identify the specific cause of the dysfunctions in the structure of various mental functions (neuropsychological characteristics of the defect) and in the brain functions (topical diagnosis), methods of qualitative analysis of the detected symptoms of the disorder are used. Psychometric (quantitative) methods are used to assess numerically the severity of disorders and the dynamics of changes in the state of individual mental functions, as well as for screening assessment of e possible cognitive decline level in general. Methods of cognitive dysfunctions qualitative assessment are focused on the search for a «missing link» in the structure of the examined mental functions. Psychometric tests, in most cases, describe the general state of either individual mental functions, or, in the case of screening, a set of cognitive functions. Thus, one or more aspects of mental functions are evaluated, in which several cognitive functions are involved at once. The article presents the results of a literature review with a description and analysis of preferences, methods used and corresponding techniques for neuropsychological examination of cognitive disorders in domestic clinical practice in vascular brain lesions.

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Diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia: the results of observational Russian program DIAMANT

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

<p>Vascular cognitive impairment: pathophysiological mechanisms, insights into structural basis, and perspectives in specific treatments</p>

<p>Vascular cognitive impairment: pathophysiological mechanisms, insights into structural basis, and perspectives in specific treatments</p>

Elderly patients with cognitive impairments on an ambulance care

Methodological Problems of Psychometric Tests in Clinical Studies of Cognitive Disorders in Patients with Cerebral Vascular Lesions: a Review

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