Diagnosis and Management of Nail Disorders in Children

Chu, Derek H.; Rubin, Adam I.

doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2013.11.005

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Nail melanoma in children is extremely rare [25,26,27]. Clinical and dermoscopic parameters used in adults are not valid for children [28]. Nail matrix nevi may be present at birth or may occur with age, more frequently in the thumb.…”

Section: Alterations Of the Nail Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermoscopy in the Evaluation of Nail Disorders

Alessandrini

Starace

Piraccini³

2017

Skin Appendage Disord

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Nail dermoscopy was initially used only in the assessment of nail pigmentation, but now it is widely utilized for the evaluation of many nail disorders. In daily practice, dermoscopy may confirm clinical diagnoses and guides in the management of nail diseases and treatments, permitting a better visualization of symptoms. Dry dermoscopy is required for evaluation of the nail plate surface, while gel as an interface is necessary for assessment of nail pigmentation and onycholysis, as well as for the evaluation of the distal nail margin. In this review, we describe the dermoscopic features of the most important nail disorders, looking at the different areas of the nail. Dermatoscopic changes that usually accompany specific nail diseases are also reviewed.

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Section: Alterations Of the Nail Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermoscopy in the Evaluation of Nail Disorders

Alessandrini

Starace

Piraccini³

2017

Skin Appendage Disord

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“…Drug eruptions as well as systemic infections are considered trigger factors for the onset of onychomadesis [22]. …”

Section: Toddlers: From 1 To 3 Years Of Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Nail Disorders in Children

Starace

Alessandrini

Piraccini³

2018

Skin Appendage Disord

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Nail diseases in children do not account for a significant proportion of pediatric consultations, and most of the time the nails are not observed by the clinician, overlooking their importance. Specific examination of the nails is neglected, while localization to the nails could be an initial sign of a syndrome or a systemic disorder. Nail diseases in the pediatric population differ from those in adults in terms of diagnostic approach and management; some of them even are manifested mainly or exclusively in children. Pediatric patients with underlying systemic disorders are more likely to manifest acquired disorders of the nails. Although rare, nail diseases in children are a source of anxiety for the parents. Examination of the nails is an essential part of pediatric physical examination. A correct clinical history and careful examination help the clinician to distinguish the different conditions and to decide on the correct management of nail diseases in young patients. A classification of nail dystrophies according to age is somewhat arbitrary and a unique classification does not exist. Nail diseases in the pediatric population can be divided according to age groups where a predilection appears in most of the cases. Moreover, certain abnormalities may be lifelong once acquired, but their presentation may be modified by age, worsening or improving during life. This review describes many of the nail conditions that are seen in the pediatric population aging from newborn to toddler, starting with physiological aspects to better recognize the pathological conditions.

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“…6,44 Trakionişi özel-likle alopesi areata, liken planus ve psöriyazis gibi deri hastalıkları ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. 44 Benign ve kendiliğinden iyileşebilen, skar bırakma-yan bir süreç olduğundan tırnak biyopsisi ve tedavi genellikle tercih edilmemektedir. 45 Hastaların yarısında lezyonlar beş-altı yılda spontan gerilemektedir.…”

Section: Traki̇oni̇şi̇unclassified

“…İmmünyetmezliği olanlarda (HIV, nakil hastaları) ve Down sendromlu çocuklarda kazanıl-mış mantar enfeksiyonları daha fazladır. 44 Trichophyton rubrum onikomikozun en sık etkenidir. Çocuklarda en sık görülen tipi ise distal lateral subungual onikomikozdur.…”

Section: Oni̇komi̇kozunclassified

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Nail Diseases in Children: Review

Baykal¹,

Arıca²

2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol

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Çocuklarda Görülen Tırnak Hastalıkları Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Çocuklarda tırnak hastalıklarının tanı alması kolay olmamaktadır. Tırnak muayenesi çocuklarda fizik muayenenin önemli bir parçasıdır. Tırnak hastalıkları fizyolojik değişiklikler, konjenital ve kalıtsal durumlar, dermatolojik hastalıklar, tümörler, enfeksiyonlar, travmatik değişiklikler, sistemik veya iyatrojenik nedenler olarak yedi başlık altında incelenebilir. Beau çizgileri, koilonişi, onikoşizi gibi fizyolojik değişiklikler genellikle yaş ile birlikte geriler ve tedavi gerektirmez. Konjenital hastalıklardan tırnak patella sendromunda üçgen şeklinde lunula görülmesi, hastalık için patognomoniktir. Anonişi ve mikronişi izole olabilir ya da çeşitli kompleks sendromların bir parçası olabilir. En sık görülen enfeksiyon, tırnak çevresi yerleşimli siğillerdir. Dermatolojik hastalıklar psöriyazis, liken planus, parakeratozis püstüloza, trakionişi ve liken striatusu kapsamaktadır. Parakeratozis püstüloza ve liken striatus ise tipik olarak çocuk populasyonda izlenmektedir. Tümörler çocuklarda nadiren gö-rülmektedir. Subungual ekzositoz tanısı radyografik değerlendirme ile konulabilir. Çocuklarda longitudinal melanonişilerin %75'i iyi huylu melanositik hiperplaziye bağlı gelişmektedir. Akut tırnak travmaları ve bunların sekelleri pediatrik tırnak konsültasyonlarının en sık nedenleridir. Hastalar sık-lıkla erken çocukluk çağda travmalar sonucu uygunsuz tedavi edilmeye bağlı gelişen geç dönem tır-nak distrofileri için başvurmaktadır. Onikofaji ve onikotillomani kronik travmadan sorumludur. Bu çalışmada, çocuklarda görülen tırnak hastalıkları ve tedavi seçenekleri sunulmuştur.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Tırnak hastalıkları; çocuk A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T Nail diseases in children are not easy to diagnose. The examination of nail is an important part of the pediatric physical examination. We can consider nail disorder into seven categories as physiologic alterations, congenital and inherited conditions, infections, dermatologic disorders, tumors, trauma and systemic or iatrogenic nail alterations. Physiologic alterations like beau lines, koilonychia and onychoschizia usually disappear with age and do not require treatment. In congenital disorder nail patella sendrom; triangular lunula is patognomonic for the disease. Anonychia and micronychia can be isolated or part of various complex syndromes. The most common infection is the periungal wart. Dermatologic diseases includes psoriasis, lichen planus, parakeratosis pustulosa, trachyonychia and lichen striatus. Parakeratosis pustulosa and lichen striatus are typically seen in pediatric population. Tumors are rare in children. Subungal exostosis can be diagnosed with radiographic examination. In children; %75 of longitudinal melanonychia is due to benign melanocytic hyperplasia. Acute nail trauma and their sequelae are common cause of pediatric nail consultation. Too often patients ask for help for late dystrophies caused by inadequate management of a nail trauma. Onychophagia and onchotillomani...

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Diagnosis and Management of Nail Disorders in Children

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Dermoscopy in the Evaluation of Nail Disorders

Dermoscopy in the Evaluation of Nail Disorders

Nail Disorders in Children

Nail Diseases in Children: Review

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