Diagnosing tumours on routine surgical sections by immunohistochemistry: use of cytokeratin, common leucocyte, and other markers.

Abstract

SUMMARY Tumours of uncertain tissue of origin were investigated by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. Two antibodies-PD7/26, an anti common leucocyte antigen, and CAM5.2, an anticytokeratin-recognised most lymphomas and carcinomas, respectively: 88% of these tumours were identified by the two antibodies alone. These antibodies permitted the separation of the cases into groups: positive with CAM5.2, positive with PD7/26, and a third comprising those negative with both. The negative group contained other tumours and a small number of carcinomas and lymphomas; many of the lymphomas were, apparently, of histiocytic origin.Comparison of CAM5.2 with other epithelial markers showed that it was the most effective. Some further classification of the tumours was carried out with a panel of organ and cell specific antibodies: mesotheliomas were recognised by their pattern of reactivity with epithelial markers. Overall, the tumour type was determined in 90% of cases. Immunohistochemistry performed as described can be a potent aid to the diagnostic histopathology of tumours.

The immunohistochemical heterogeneity of atheroma macrophages: comparison with lymphoid tissues suggests that recently blood-derived macrophages can be distinguished from longer-resident cells.

“…Thirteen Mph markers were used, the remaining antibodies were used to delineate other cell populations. The optimal tissue processing method (cryostat or paraffin), enzyme digestion conditions, and antibody dilutions had been determined for each antibody in extensive previous studies (Tible 1) (41). Monoclonal antibodies were stained by indirect immunoperoxidase, and polyclonal antibodies by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique.…”

Carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Histopathological examination with supplementary immunohistochemistry

“…Earlier immunohistochemical studies of nasopharyngeal carcinomas, however, mostly refer to small series (Madri & Barwick 1982, Miettinen, Lehto & Virtanen 1982, Gusterson et al 1983, Lauder et al 1984, Shi et at. 1984, Ziegels-Weissman et al 1984, Bosq et al 1985, Taxy, Hidvegi & Battifora 1985, Poston & Sidhu 1986.…”

Detection of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow of gastric cancer using magnetic activated cell sorting and fluorescent activated cell sorting

“…Many researchers have found that it could bind specifically with tumor cells in breast cancer, colonic cancer, lung cancer, etc. 20 The binding efficiency of antibodies against CK are higher than that of antibodies against molecules or antigens on the surface of cells, such as human milk fat globulin or epithelial membrane antigen. 21 In our model system, the enrichment rate of tumor cells by MACS was 8664 Ϯ 1222.…”

“…In the procedure of MACS, mAb conjugated on the beads was CAM5.2, which can bind with CK7/8 in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Many researchers have found that it could bind specifically with tumor cells in breast cancer, colonic cancer, lung cancer, etc 20 . The binding efficiency of antibodies against CK are higher than that of antibodies against molecules or antigens on the surface of cells, such as human milk fat globulin or epithelial membrane antigen 21 …”