Diagnosing laryngeal paralysis

Effect of Three Anesthetic Induction Protocols on Laryngeal Motion during Laryngoscopy in Normal Cats

“…Laryngeal paralysis, a well‐documented cause of upper respiratory tract obstruction in dogs is characterized by impaired abduction of the arytenoid cartilages leading to narrowing and obstruction of the rima glottidis during respiration . There are sporadic reports of laryngeal paralysis in cats and outcome after medical and surgical treatments has been reported …”

“…Diagnosis of laryngeal paralysis is usually made during laryngoscopy under a light plane of anesthesia . Anesthesia must provide sufficient relaxation of the jaw muscles to allow opening of the mouth, without inhibiting laryngeal reflexes and inspiratory efforts .…”

Laryngeal paralysis in dogs: An update on recent knowledge

“…The dog is placed in sternal recumbency and the head is held in a normal anatomic position (Gross et al 2002;Jackson et al 2004;Smith 2000). To prevent a false positive diagnosis, only a light plane of anaesthesia is maintained (Gross et al 2002;Jackson et al 2004;Monnet & Tobias 2012;Smith 2000).…”

“…Direct visualisation of the larynx can be achieved via transnasal or peroral laryngoscopy. As the latter has a 95% interobserver agreement, it is considered the gold standard of diagnosis (Broome et al 2000;Radlinsky et al 2009;Smith 2000). Transnasal laryngoscopy has the advantage that it can be performed in large breed dogs using only sedation and local anaesthesia (Radlinsky, Mason & Hodgson 2004).…”

“…Prior to laryngeal examination, an intravenous catheter is placed and the dog is preoxygenated for at least 3-5 min (Millard & Tobias 2009;Smith 2000). The dog is placed in sternal recumbency and the head is held in a normal anatomic position (Gross et al 2002;Jackson et al 2004;Smith 2000).…”