Diagnosing constraints to market participation of small ruminant producers in northern Ghana: An innovation systems analysis

Amankwah, K.; Klerkx, Laurens; Oosting, S.J.; Sakyi-Dawson, O.; Zijpp, A.J. van der; Millar, David

doi:10.1016/j.njas.2012.06.002

Cited by 73 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, prospects for high production are also lower, because of these same unfavourable conditions. Smallholder mixed-crop-livestock systems often have an intensive land use, which is the cause for the strong interaction between crops and livestock (Tittonell et al, 2010;Amankwah et al, 2012). From the perspective of agroecology, the individual smallholder mixed-crop-livestock systems producing for the local markets can be regarded as elements of local ecosystems.…”

Section: Tropical Livestock Production Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bosman et al, 1996;Aklilu, 2007;Amankwah et al, 2012;Sumberg and Lankoandé, 2013). Markets and value chains were studied as pull factors for production increase (e.g.…”

Section: Interventions and Scientific Disciplinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Production is carried out in rural areas for the family. Local markets are the major outlet for surpluses and, more importantly, for selling livestock in times of emergency (Omiti et al, 2009;Amankwah et al, 2012). Such livestock outputs may reach urban markets but supply is irregular and of secondary importance for urban consumers.…”

Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated before, livestock in mixed-crop-livestock systems supports crop production directly by delivering manure, traction and draught power. Indirect support from livestock for crop production is by serving as a capital store to be sold to buy seeds and fertilisers (Doumbia et al, 2012) or for emergencies (Udo et al, 2011;Amankwah et al, 2012).…”

Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of livestock production in the tropics: farm and farmers’ perspectives

Oosting

Udo

Viets

2014

Animal

Self Cite

128

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Because of an increasing demand for animal-source foods, an increasing desire to reduce poverty and an increasing need to reduce the environmental impact of livestock production, tropical farming systems with livestock must increase their productivity. An important share of the global human and livestock populations are found within smallholder mixed-crop-livestock systems, which should, therefore, contribute significantly towards this increase in livestock production. The present paper argues that increased livestock production in smallholder mixed-crop-livestock systems faces many constraints at the level of the farm and the value chain. The present paper aims to describe and explain the impact of increased production from the farm and farmers' perspective, in order to understand the constraints for increased livestock production. A framework is presented that links farming systems to livestock value chains. It is concluded that farming systems that pass from subsistence to commercial livestock production will: (1) shift from rural to urban markets; (2) become part of a different value chain (with lower prices, higher demands for product quality and increased competition from peri-urban producers and imports); and (3) have to face changes in within-farm mechanisms and crop-livestock relationships. A model study showed that feed limitation, which is common in tropical farming systems with livestock, implies that maximum herd output is achieved with small herd sizes, leaving low-quality feeds unutilised. Maximal herd output is not achieved at maximal individual animal output. Having more animals than required for optimal production -which is often the case as a larger herd size supports non-production functions of livestock, such as manure production, draught, traction and capital storage -goes at the expense of animal-source food output. Improving low-quality feeds by treatment allows keeping more animals while maintaining the same level of production. Ruminant methane emission per kg of milk produced is mainly determined by the level of milk production per cow. Part of the methane emissions, however, should be attributed to the non-production functions of ruminants. It was concluded that understanding the farm and farmers' perceptions of increased production helps with the understanding of productivity increase constraints and adds information to that reported in the literature at the level of technology, markets and institutions.

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Section: Tropical Livestock Production Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bosman et al, 1996;Aklilu, 2007;Amankwah et al, 2012;Sumberg and Lankoandé, 2013). Markets and value chains were studied as pull factors for production increase (e.g.…”

Section: Interventions and Scientific Disciplinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of livestock production in the tropics: farm and farmers’ perspectives

Oosting

Udo

Viets

2014

Animal

Self Cite

128

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“…[73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [17], [82], [83] [30], [84], [85] Regime (macro, meso, micro) approach [86], [87], [88], [11], [89], [90], [26] Triple-helix model [91], [92] Systems dynamics (SD) approach [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [69], [103], [104] DEA [105], [106], [107], [31], [108], [109] AHP [110], [111], [112], [113] Figure 2: Frequency of studies employing each approach…”

Section: Table 4: Studies That Applied Each Of the Nine Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Framework to Guide the Evaluation of Inclusive Innovation Systems

Botha

Grobbelaar

Bam

2016

SAJIE

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Innovation for inclusive development aims not only to produce products and services for 'base of the pyramid' (BoP) markets, but also to improve innovative capacity and empower those that form part of the BoP. Although a wide range of actors aim to support innovation for inclusive development, they lack proper methods to assess the impact that these projects have. This paper sets out to identify an appropriate method or approach for evaluating systems change brought about by innovation for inclusive development projects. Based on a systematic literature review, a process-level approach is proposed. This approach is focused on the components within a system and the changes that occur in the system functions. OPSOMMINGInklusiewe innovasie beoog nie net om produkte en dienste aan die basis van die piramide mark te verskaf nie, maar ook om hul te bemagtig en kapasiteit vir innovasie te verhoog. Innovasie rolspelers streef daarna om inklusiewe innovasie te bevorder, maar daar is 'n tekort aan voldoende metodes wat gebruik kan word om die impak van inklusiewe innovasie projekte te evalueer. Die doel van die studie is om 'n toepaslike metode vir die evaluasie van stelsel veranderinge, wat deur inklusiewe innovasie projekte meegebring is, te identifiseer. 'n Proses-vlak metode, wat fokus op die komponente in 'n stelsel en die veranderinge wat plaasvind in die stelsel se funksies, was voorgestel op grond van 'n sistematiese literatuurstudie.

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Adaptation to Climatic Hazards in the Savannah Ecosystem: Improving Adaptation Policy and Action

Yiran

Stringer

2017

Environmental Management

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People in Ghana's savannah ecosystem have historically experienced a range of climatic hazards that have affected their livelihoods. In view of current climate variability and change, and projected increases in extreme events, adaptation to climate risks is vital. Policies have been put in place to enhance adaptation across sub-Saharan Africa in accordance with international agreements. At the same time, local people, through experience, have learned to adapt. This paper examines current policy actions and their implementation alongside an assessment of barriers to local adaptation. In doing so it links adaptation policy and practice. Policy documents were analysed that covered key livelihood sectors, which were identified as climate sensitive. These included agriculture, water, housing and health policies, as well as the National Climate Change Policy. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were also held with key stakeholders in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Analyses were carried using thematic content analysis. Although policies and actions complement each other, their integration is weak. Financial, institutional, social, and technological barriers hinder successful local implementation of some policy actions, while lack of local involvement in policy formulation also hinders adaptation practice. Integration of local perspectives into policy needs to be strengthened in order to enhance adaptation. Coupled with this is a need to consider adaptation to climate change in development policies and to pursue efforts to reduce or remove the key barriers to implementation at the local level.

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Diagnosing constraints to market participation of small ruminant producers in northern Ghana: An innovation systems analysis

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Development of livestock production in the tropics: farm and farmers’ perspectives

Development of livestock production in the tropics: farm and farmers’ perspectives

Towards a Framework to Guide the Evaluation of Inclusive Innovation Systems

Adaptation to Climatic Hazards in the Savannah Ecosystem: Improving Adaptation Policy and Action

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