Diagnosing coeliac disease: A literature review

Gandini, Anastasia; Gededzha, Maemu P.; Maayer, Tim De; Barrow, Peter; Mayne, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2021.07.015

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Genetic tests aimed at finding HLA-DQ2/8 haplotypes have only a negative predictive value, and are employed to support diagnosis. The gold standard for CD diagnosis is obtained by combining the analysis of the duodenal biopsy with the detection of serological markers [ 30 ]. Morphological evaluation of biopsy samples highlights the presence of typical features of CD mucosal lesions, i.e., flat and hyperplastic mucosa at various degrees together with an increased concentration of intraepithelial lymphocytes [ 5 ].…”

Section: Coeliac Disease (Cd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Transglutaminase in Coeliac Disease: A Key Player in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy

Paolella

Sposito

Romanelli

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Type 2 transglutaminase (TG2) is the main autoantigen in coeliac disease (CD), a widespread inflammatory enteropathy caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals in genetically predisposed individuals. As a consequence, serum antibodies to TG2 represent a very useful marker in CD diagnosis. However, TG2 is also an important player in CD pathogenesis, for its ability to deamidate some Gln residues of gluten peptides, which become more immunogenic in CD intestinal mucosa. Given the importance of TG2 enzymatic activities in CD, several studies have sought to discover specific and potent inhibitors that could be employed in new therapeutical approaches for CD, as alternatives to a lifelong gluten-free diet. In this review, we summarise all the aspects regarding TG2 involvement in CD, including its enzymatic reactions in pathogenesis, the role of anti-TG2 antibodies in disease management, and the exploration of recent strategies to reduce deamidation or to use transamidation to detoxify gluten.

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Section: Coeliac Disease (Cd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Transglutaminase in Coeliac Disease: A Key Player in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy

Paolella

Sposito

Romanelli

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…The TTG2 selectively deamidates the positively charged glutamines into negatively charged glutamic acid residues [ 35 ]. Then, the deamidated gliadin peptides together with TTG2 complexes are endocytosed by antigen-presenting cells (APC) represented by dendritic cells or macrophages [ 36 ]. The negatively charged surface increases its bonding affinity for the HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers situated on APC.…”

Section: Mechanisms Involved In CD Occurrence: Gluten Peptides Cytoki...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacing the Burden of the Gluten Free Diet: Then, Now, and the Future

Nemteanu

Ciortescu

Hincu

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Without a doubt, a majority of diseases are food-pattern-related. However, one disease stands out as an increasingly more common autoimmune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Celiac disease (CD) is an old disease, with changing clinical patterns, affecting any age, including infancy and adolescence, and becoming more frequent among the elderly. The gluten-free diet (GFD) has been the sole provider of clinical, serological, and histological improvement for patients with CD for more than seven decades. Nowadays, complete avoidance of dietary gluten is rarely possible because of the wide availability of wheat and other processed foods that contain even more gluten, to the detriment of gluten-free products. Undeniably, there is a definite need for replacing the burdensome GFD. An add-on therapy that could control the dietary transgressions and inadvertent gluten consumption that can possibly lead to overt CD should be considered while on GFD. Nevertheless, future drugs should be able to provide patients some freedom to self-manage CD and increase food independence, while actively reducing exposure and mucosal damage and alleviating GI symptoms. Numerous clinical trials assessing different molecules have already been performed with favorable outcomes, and hopefully they will soon be available for patient use.

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“…11 Additionally, systematic reviews have found that anti-tTG assays have an excellent diagnostic performance for diagnosing celiac disease in adults and children older than 2 years, with a 90%-95% sensitivity and specificity. [12][13][14] It is well known that celiac disease is associated with IgA deficiency and that IgA deficiency affects 1%-2% of those with celiac disease. 15 Considering that celiac disease is common in patients with IBD according to some studies, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of celiac disease based on assessing IgA anti-tTG levels and its potential correlation with disease status in patients with IBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of IgA Anti-tissue Transglutaminase Antibody in a Cohort of Iranians Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Memar,

Naghavi,

Vosoughinia

et al. 2023

Journal of Coloproctology

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Background and Aims Some studies have reported the coexistence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease (CD). However, the prevalence of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA and IgG) and their screening value in patients with IBD is not yet clear. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IgA anti-tTG and its potential correlation with disease status in patients with IBD. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 patients with confirmed IBD diagnosis at Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. For each patient, all demographic and clinical data including age, extra intestinal manifestations, underlying diseases, types of diseases, and surgical history were collected. IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results None of the patients with IBD were positive for IgA anti-tTG antibodies, with a mean titer of 3.31 ± 1.3 AU/mL. Also, the mean titers were not associated with age, gender and various disease clinical features including the disease history, underlying disease, diagnosis type, extraintestinal manifestations, and surgery history. Conclusion No significant prevalence pattern of IgA anti-tTG antibody was observed in patients with IBD. Accordingly, serological screening for CeD is not recommended in IBD patients, unless in a relevant clinical CeD suspicion.

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Diagnosing coeliac disease: A literature review

Cited by 13 publications

References 100 publications

Type 2 Transglutaminase in Coeliac Disease: A Key Player in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy

Type 2 Transglutaminase in Coeliac Disease: A Key Player in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy

Replacing the Burden of the Gluten Free Diet: Then, Now, and the Future

Prevalence of IgA Anti-tissue Transglutaminase Antibody in a Cohort of Iranians Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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