Diagnose und Therapie spinaler Angiome

Pia, H. W.; Vogelsang, H

doi:10.1007/bf00244411

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The veins may travel a long way from the AV shunt, upward and downward, and can have a size much larger than the malformation itself ( Figure 6B). Although the extent of the malformation is better appreciated by angiography than by anatomic examination, considerable discrepancy can occur between the anomaly seen in arteriography and the larger size at surgery or on morphologic examination which is the result mainly of thrombosis of most of the lesion [193,249,257]. However, the angiographic classification of AVMs of the spinal cord, based on functional anat6"mic characteristics can quite often be confirmed by gross morphology.…”

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Hemorrhages are generally parenchymal or intraventricular but may leak into the subarachnoid spaces producing all the signs of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Whereas angiomas were the cause in only two of 6368 cerebral subarachnoid bleeds [213], they are considered the most common cause of spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage [7,11,85,102,110,178,190,192,193,259]. Hemorrhage arising from large AVMs and cavernomas may be confined to cerebral hemispheres and basal ganglia or enter the ventricles.…”

Section: Complications Of Cerebral Vascular Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute or recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage has been reported in 10-40% of several series of spinal angiomas [2,14,34,60,113,139,177,181,192,193,224] which have been said to be the most common cause of subarachnoid bleeding to the spinal theca [7,11,84,102,110,152,153,177,190,192,193,259]. Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhages are met with all types of angiomas, most frequently with AVMs, where their incidence is greater in AVMs with a large shunt than from those with smaller ones [2,192].…”

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thoracolumbar, lumbar and lumbosacral angiomas account for 40-60% of all spinal vascular anomalies and up to 80% of the intradural angiomas, the majority being located below T 6 to T 10 [17,59,121,138,140,190,192,193,248,249,259,260]. They include intradural and subarachnoid AVMs and capillary angiomas, the latter being usually smaller and circumscribed [192].…”

Section: Location and Major Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular malformations of the central nervous system: A morphological overview

Jellinger

1986

Neurosurg. Rev.

244

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Vascular malformations of the central nervous system (C.N.S.) are classified by size, location, and morphologic type, distinguishing capillary telangiectasias, cavernous malformations, venous angiomas, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) including varix of the great vein of Galen, and other vascular malformations (e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome). The morphology and predominant location pattern of the different types of vascular malformations in the brain and spinal cord, and their embryology are reviewed. In the brain and its coverings, all types mainly AVMs and venous angiomas do occur, representing 5-9% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions and 20-40% of the sources of surgically treated intracranial hemorrhages. 50-80% of the angiomas are located in the cerebral hemispheres, 10-18% in central brain areas (basal ganglia, internal capsule, choroid plexus), and 10-30% in the posterior fossa. The major types of cerebral vascular malformations are described with reference to their anatomical features, location, chief arterial and venous supply, and prominent complications. Spinal vascular malformations, accounting for 3 to 12% of spinal space-occupying lesions, include vertebral, extradural, dural, subpial and intramedullary angiomas which occur as isolated or complex vascular anomalies and may involve various covering layers at the same level. The preferential occurrence of angiomas on the dorsal surface of the cord and in the caudal regions is related to the embryologic development of spinal vasculature. Frequent association of spinal angiomas (20-25%) with other vascular anomalies and dysplasias emphasizes their hamartomatous nature and developmental origin. Spinal angiomas include capillary telangiectasias with extra- or intradural and, rarely, intramedullary location, cavernomas, mainly arising in vertebral bodies, venous angiomas, mainly located in vertebral bodies and in the extradural space, and AVMs constituting the commonest type, that may affect both the pial and radicular vessels and can penetrate into the cord. They present as simple AV fistulas, cirsoid angiomas with localized vascular plexuses and large complex convolutions ("juvenile" type). The complications of spinal angiomas include subarachnoid hemorrhage, rare epidural hematoma, hematomyelia, compression lesions of the cord and roots, and ischemic changes causing chronic progressive radiculomyelopathy, previously referred to as Foix-Alajouanine syndrome. Chronic damage to the cord and spinal roots results from pressure effects, thrombosis of the abnormal vessels, disorders of venous drainage, and "steal" phenomena related to the vascular anomalies.

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Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Complications Of Cerebral Vascular Malformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Location and Major Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular malformations of the central nervous system: A morphological overview

Jellinger

1986

Neurosurg. Rev.

244

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“…The rarity of symptomatic vertebral haemangiomas can be deduced from several reports [19][20][21][22][23]. One hundred sixty two cases have been reported, 46% were males, 54% females [11,13,15,16,19,.…”

Section: Symptomatic Vertebral Haemangiomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature statistics do not support a growth stimulating role for female sex steroid hormones in haemangiomas and meningiomas

et al. 1991

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A literature review of pregnancy-related vertebral haemangiomas, pregnancy-related haemangiomas outside the nervous system and its coverings, and pregnancy-related meningiomas was performed. All three conditions tended to occur during the first pregnancy, the second or third trimester, to ameliorate postpartum, and to recur during a subsequent pregnancy. These results suggested a hormonal influence on the clinical expression of haemangiomas and meningiomas. To test whether a hormonal factor is also operative in the (not pregnancy related) symptomatic and asymptomatic counterparts of these conditions we also reviewed the literature concerning the symptomatic and asymptomatic haemangiomas and meningiomas for the following: frequency, sex and age distribution. No arguments were found to suggest that steroid hormones are strong factors in the development of asymptomatic and symptomatic lesions. The pregnancy-related counterparts have to be considered as subsets with their own behaviour.

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