Diagenetic trends in the phenolic constituents of Sphagnum-dominated peat and its corresponding humic acid fraction

Zaccone, Claudio; Said-Pullicino, Daniel; Gigliotti, Giovanni; Miano, Teodoro

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.04.018

Cited by 70 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The (Ac/Al)v value of 0.243 for T-HA compares relatively well with that reported for the HA fraction of Sphagnum-dominated peat, 43 and the (Ac/Al)v value of 1.629 for Y-HA is near the reported values for the HA fraction of Beaver-Hills soil (1.6) 1 and for lignin-derived phenols in natural waters (0.72 -1.77). 45 The destruction of syringyl compounds has previously been reported as a side reaction associated with lignin oxidation processes.…”

Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For many studies on phenolic constituents of soil, peat, and sediment, the larger P/V value indicated that the demethylation of methoxyl groups occurs mainly under anaerobic conditions. 2,[41][42][43] On the other hand, the reduction in P units causes a decrease in P/V, which is possibly due to greater susceptibility to microbial degradation in aerobic environments. 44 In this study, P/V values (0.883 -2.211) were close to those reported for fresh water sediments (1.8), 17 but are larger than those for peat sources (<0.6).…”

Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44 In this study, P/V values (0.883 -2.211) were close to those reported for fresh water sediments (1.8), 17 but are larger than those for peat sources (<0.6). 43 This observation was partly a result of the fact that P groups in the solid state are dissolved and dissociated in aqueous bulk much better than those of V groups.…”

Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Selected Phenolic Compounds in Humic Substances of Well Waters and Fertilizers

Chen

Chang

et al. 2010

ANAL. SCI.

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In this study, nine oxidized phenolics, which were often found in HS and provide useful information on the taxonomic source and diagenetic state of HS, gallic acid and protocatechuic acid, were employed standard solution to set up the CZE system 2010 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry † To whom correspondence should be addressed. Humic substances (HS) from well waters, fertilizers, and synthetic phenolic polymers were characterized by elemental and UV-VIS spectroscopic analyses. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with UV absorption detection was used to analyze the lignin-derived phenolic distribution in the degradation residues after alkaline CuO oxidation of HS samples. Eleven phenols with p-acetyl, vanillyl and syringyl substituents were selected to optimize the CZE parameters. For well waters and fertilizers, the content of phenolic fragments was in agreement with the findings of the elemental and spectroscopic measurements.Additionally, parameters derived from the vanillic acid/vanilline, syringyl acid/syringaldehyde, p-hydroxyl/vanillyl and syringyl/vanillyl ratios matched analogous studies on dissolved organic matter from natural waters and on humic acids from terrestrial substances. The amount of phenolic monomer bonded within two synthetic HS polymers was found to be 25.9% protocatechuic acid and 71.3% gallic acid.

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Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Of Humic Degradation Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Selected Phenolic Compounds in Humic Substances of Well Waters and Fertilizers

Chen

Chang

et al. 2010

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Lignin: Phenolic compounds contribute towards the formation of humic substances and can be used as diagnostic paleoenvironmental tracers (Turetsky et al, 2000;Filley et al, 2001;Tareq et al, 2006;Zaccone et al, 2008). Although few samples were analyzed in this study, the total lignin content (Ʃ VSC ) shows a positive increase with depth.…”

Section: Phenolic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In anaerobic and perennially water-logged environments, lignin macromolecules are relatively 'recalcitrant' (Williams et al, 1998). The S and C monomers are, however, more susceptible to decay than V, and consequently, S/V and C/V ratios decrease with greater decomposition (Zeigler et al, 1986;Zaccone et al, 2008). Similarly, the ratios of vanillic acid to vanillin and syringic acid to syringaldehyde (Ac/Al v,s ) indicate fungal decay because acid monomers tend to increase relative to aldehydes during decomposition (Ertel and Hedges, 1984).…”

Section: Specific Biomarkers and Their Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-proxy study of soil organic matter dynamics in permafrost peat deposits reveal vulnerability to climate change in the European Russian Arctic

et al. 2014

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) in permafrost terrain is vulnerable to climate change.Perennially frozen peat deposits store large amounts of SOC, but we know little about its chemical composition and lability. We used plant macrofossil and biomarker analyses to reconstruct the Holocene paleovegetation and paleoenvironmental changes in two peat plateau profiles from the European Russian Arctic. Peat plateaus are the main stores of permafrost soil C in the region, but during most of the Holocene peats developed as permafrost-free rich fens with woody vegetation, sedges and mosses. Around 2200 cal BP, permafrost aggraded at the site resulting in frost heave and a drastic reduction in peat accumulation under the drier uplifted surface conditions. The permafrost dynamics (aggradation, frost-heave and thaw) ushered changes in plant assemblages and carbon accumulation, and consequently in the biomarker trends too. 2Detailed biomarker analyses indicate abundant neutral lipids, which follow the general pattern: n-alkanols > sterols ≥ n-alkanes ≥ triterpenols. The lignin monomers are not as abundant as the lipids and increase with depth. The selected aliphatic and phenolic compounds are source specific, and they have different degrees of lability, which is useful for tracing the impact of permafrost dynamics (peat accumulation and/or decay associated with thawing). However, common interpretation of biomarker patterns, and perceived hydrological and climate changes, must be applied carefully in permafrost regions. The increased proportion (selective preservation) of n-alkanes and lignin is a robust indicator of cumulative decomposition trajectories, which is mirrored by functional compounds (e.g. n-alkanol, triterpenol, and sterol concentrations) showing opposite trends. The distribution of these compounds follows first order decay kinetics, and concurs with the downcore diagenetic changes. In particular, some of the biomarker ratios (e.g. stanol/sterol and higher plant alkane index) seem promising for tracing SOC decomposition despite changes in botanical imprint, and sites spanning across different soil types and locations. Carbon accumulation rate calculated at these sites varies from 18.1 to 31.1 gC m -2 yr -1 , and it is evident selective preservation, molecular complexity of organic compounds, and freezing conditions enhance the long-term stability of SOC. Further, our results suggest permafrost dynamics strongly impact the more undecomposed SOC that could be rapidly remobilized through ongoing thermokarst expansion.

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Temperature, oxygen, and vegetation controls on decomposition in a James Bay peatland

Philben

Holmquist

MacDonald

et al. 2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The biochemical composition of a peat core from James Bay Lowland, Canada, was used to assess the extent of peat decomposition and diagenetic alteration. Our goal was to identify environmental controls on peat decomposition, particularly its sensitivity to naturally occurring changes in temperature, oxygen exposure time, and vegetation. All three varied substantially during the last 7000 years, providing a natural experiment for evaluating their effects on decomposition. The bottom 50 cm of the core formed during the Holocene Climatic Optimum (~7000-4000 years B.P.), when mean annual air temperature was likely 1-2°C warmer than present. A reconstruction of the water table level using testate amoebae indicated oxygen exposure time was highest in the subsequent upper portion of the core between 150 and 225 cm depth (from~2560 to 4210 years B.P.) and the plant community shifted from mostly Sphagnum to vascular plant dominance. Several independent biochemical indices indicated that decomposition was greatest in this interval. Hydrolysable amino acid yields, hydroxyproline yields, and acid:aldehyde ratios of syringyl lignin phenols were higher, while hydrolysable neutral sugar yields and carbon:nitrogen ratios were lower in this zone of both vascular plant vegetation and elevated oxygen exposure time. Thus, peat formed during the Holocene Climatic Optimum did not appear to be more extensively decomposed than peat formed during subsequent cooler periods. Comparison with a core from the West Siberian Lowland, Russia, indicates that oxygen exposure time and vegetation are both important controls on decomposition, while temperature appears to be of secondary importance. The low apparent sensitivity of decomposition to temperature is consistent with recent observations of a positive correlation between peat accumulation rates and mean annual temperature, suggesting that contemporary warming could enhance peatland carbon sequestration, although this could be offset by an increasing contribution of vascular plants to the vegetation.

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Diagenetic trends in the phenolic constituents of Sphagnum-dominated peat and its corresponding humic acid fraction

Cited by 70 publications

References 40 publications

Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Selected Phenolic Compounds in Humic Substances of Well Waters and Fertilizers

Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Selected Phenolic Compounds in Humic Substances of Well Waters and Fertilizers

Multi-proxy study of soil organic matter dynamics in permafrost peat deposits reveal vulnerability to climate change in the European Russian Arctic

Temperature, oxygen, and vegetation controls on decomposition in a James Bay peatland

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