Diagenetic history and provenance of Devonian terrestrial sandstones at the margin of Gondwana: Padeha Formation, Eastern Alborz, Iran

Tourmaline and rutile geochemistry in the Early–Middle Devonian sandstones of the Padeha Formation, Alborz Range, Northern Iran

“…The studies dealing with the provenance of the Padeha Fm. in Alborz and Central Iran based on modal analysis and whole‐rock geochemistry confirmed felsic igneous source rocks mixed with recycled sediments derived from pre‐existing successions and a rifted continental margin tectonic provenance (Fardoust, Jafarzadeh, Zand‐Moghaddam, & Abedini Moghanaki, 2018; Hosseini et al, 2019; Hosseini‐Barzi & Saeedi, 2011; Poursoltani & Pe‐Piper, 2020; Zand‐Moghadam et al, 2013, 2014). A recent detrital zircon geochronological study of the Padeha Fm.…”

“…It signals a significant influx of additional detrital material; however, the crystalline basement rocks as a primary source are unlikely, given a negligible garnet. The minimum amount of garnet is not a result of deep burial (in the Padeha basin) or intensive chemical weathering (e.g., Poursoltani & Pe‐Piper, 2020), but rather its lack in the source rocks. Palaeocurrent data derived from the Padeha sandstones show a dominant northeast‐directed input of detritus to the basin (Figure 2c) which is consistent with original long‐distance source from the Arabian–Nubian Shield.…”

“…in Alborz and Central Iran, and parts of the Zakeen Fm. in the south of Iran represent sporadically preserved Lower to Middle Devonian sedimentary rocks in the Middle East (Al‐Sharhan & Nairn, 1997; Bassis, Hinderer, & Meinhold, 2016a, 2016b; Husseini, 1991; Poursoltani & Pe‐Piper, 2020; Sharland et al, 2001; Wendt, Kaufmann, Bełka, Farsan, & Bavandpur, 2002, Wendt, Kaufmann, Bełka, Farsan, & Bavandpurs, 2005; Zoleikhaei, Amini, & Zamanzadeh, 2015; Figure 1). The Padeha, Tawil, and Jauf formations were mostly deposited in fluvial braided stream to shallow marine environments in Saudi Arabia and Iran (Aharipour, Moussavi, Mosaddegh, & Mistiaen, 2010; Fahad Al‐Ajmi, Keller, Hinderer, & Filomena, 2015).…”

“…in Zakeen section of the Zagros belt in Iran (Zoleikhaei et al, 2015) and similar deposits of the Jauf and Tawil formations in Saudi Arabia (Bassis et al, 2016b) contain only ultrastable zircon, tourmaline, and rutile. Recently, based on whole‐rock geochemistry, Poursoltani and Pe‐Piper (2020) suggested a dominantly granitic source with contribution of intermediate to mafic rocks and no sandstone (sedimentary) contribution for the Padeha Fm. deposits out‐cropping in the most‐eastern part of Alborz.…”