Diagenesis of settling seston: identity and transformations of organic phosphorus

Reitzel, Kasper; Ahlgren, Joakim; Rydin, Emil; Egemose, Sara; Turner, Benjamín L.; Hupfer, Michael

doi:10.1039/c2em10883f

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[43] Sedimentation appears to be an important pathway for the loss of dissolved DNA from the water column. [29] As seston ages there is a relative increase in phosphodiesters [44] much of which is DNA. [29] Much of this is most probably bound within microbial cells growing on the settling particles, [44] but it is likely that some will be associated with the inorganic matrix.…”

Section: Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29] As seston ages there is a relative increase in phosphodiesters [44] much of which is DNA. [29] Much of this is most probably bound within microbial cells growing on the settling particles, [44] but it is likely that some will be associated with the inorganic matrix. There is a large body of work suggesting that DNA can attach to clays.…”

Section: Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic phosphorus in the aquatic environment

Baldwin¹

2013

Environ. Chem.

104

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Environmental context. Organic phosphorus can be one of the major fractions of phosphorus in many aquatic ecosystems. This paper discusses the distribution, cycling and ecological significance of five major classes of organic P in the aquatic environment and discusses several principles to guide organic P research into the future.Abstract. Organic phosphorus can be one of the major fractions of phosphorus in many aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, in many studies the 'organic' P fraction is operationally defined. However, there are an increasing number of studies where the organic P species have been structurally characterised -in part because of the adoption of 31 P NMR spectroscopic techniques. There are five classes of organic P species that have been specifically identified in the aquatic environment -nucleic acids, other nucleotides, inositol phosphates, phospholipids and phosphonates. This paper explores the identification, quantification, biogeochemical cycling and ecological significance of these organic P compounds. Based on this analysis, the paper then identifies a number of principles which could guide the research of organic P into the future. There is an ongoing need to develop methods for quickly and accurately identifying and quantifying organic P species in the environment. The types of ecosystems in which organic P dynamics are studied needs to be expanded; flowing waters, floodplains and small wetlands are currently all under-represented in the literature. While enzymatic hydrolysis is an important transformation pathway for the breakdown of organic P, more effort needs to be directed towards studying other potential transformation pathways. Similarly effort should be directed to estimating the rates of transformations, not simply reporting on the concentrations. And finally, further work is needed in elucidating other roles of organic P in the environment other than simply a source of P to aquatic organisms.

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Section: Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic phosphorus in the aquatic environment

Baldwin¹

2013

Environ. Chem.

104

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“…These experiments should manipulate the abundance of tube-dwelling invertebrates and be combined with smaller-scale studies to ascertain mechanisms and quantify rates. These may include high-resolution pore-water concentration measurements, structural analysis of solid phases (e.g., raster electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction) to quantify mineral formation, and measurement of the occurrence and diagenesis of inorganic and organic P forms using sequential extraction (e.g., Psenner et al 1984, Ruttenberg 1992 or 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (e.g., Reitzel et al 2012). …”

Section: Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tube‐dwelling invertebrates: tiny ecosystem engineers have large effects in lake ecosystems

Hölker

Vanni

Kuiper

et al. 2015

Ecological Monographs

Self Cite

136

118

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Abstract. There is ample evidence that tube-dwelling invertebrates such as chironomids significantly alter multiple important ecosystem functions, particularly in shallow lakes. Chironomids pump large water volumes, and associated suspended and dissolved substances, through the sediment and thereby compete with pelagic filter feeders for particulate organic matter. This can exert a high grazing pressure on phytoplankton, microorganisms, and perhaps small zooplankton and thus strengthen benthic-pelagic coupling. Furthermore, intermittent pumping by tube-dwelling invertebrates oxygenates sediments and creates a dynamic, three-dimensional mosaic of redox conditions. This shapes microbial community composition and spatial distribution, and alters microbe-mediated biogeochemical functions, which often depend on redox potential. As a result, extended hotspots of element cycling occur at the oxic-anoxic interfaces, controlling the fate of organic matter and nutrients as well as fluxes of nutrients between sediments and water. Surprisingly, the mechanisms and magnitude of interactions mediated by these organisms are still poorly understood. To provide a synthesis of the importance of tube-dwelling invertebrates, we review existing research and integrate previously disregarded functional traits into an ecosystem model. Based on existing research and our models, we conclude that tube-dwelling invertebrates play a central role in controlling water column nutrient pools, and hence water quality and trophic state. Furthermore, these tiny ecosystem engineers can influence the thresholds that determine shifts between alternate clear and turbid states of shallow lakes. The large effects stand in contrast to the conventional limnological paradigm emphasizing predominantly pelagic food webs. Given the vast number of shallow lakes worldwide, benthic invertebrates are likely to be relevant drivers of biogeochemical processes at regional and global scales, thereby mediating feedback mechanisms linked to climate change.

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“…Webster et al (1999) found that an organic matter particle on the stream bed was more likely to be transported than broken down into refractory fine organic matter that may accumulate in the sediment. In contrast, transport into lakes and reservoirs would allow organic matter (and P) to settle, subject to physical and biological processing during settling (e.g., change under reducing conditions; Reitzel et al 2012), and accumulate on the bed.…”

Section: Catchment and Sediment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Speciation and distribution of organic phosphorus in river sediments: a national survey

McDowell

Hill²

2015

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Organic phosphorus (P) can play a role in in-stream productivity (e.g., periphyton or macrophyte growth), but little is known of the largest likely source of organic P-bed sediment. A survey was conducted of 76 bed sediment samples of rivers within the New Zealand National River Water Quality Network in an effort to determine the concentration and form of organic P species, and variation according to catchment and sediment characteristics or classifications used to characterise anthropogenic P inputs (e.g., as baseline [viz. reference] or impact sites) and therefore likely in-stream productivity. Materials and methods Sediments were analysed for a range of physiochemical properties. NaOH-EDTA extracts were analysed by 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 31 P NMR), which isolated orthophosphate from other P species including orthophosphate monoesters, orthophosphate diesters and pyrophosphate. Results and discussion More P was extracted from sediments at impact compared to baseline sites, while the proportion of organic P increased where microbial processing (as reflected by site elevation) decreased. Analysis by 31 P NMR of sediments showed they contained fewer and less-enriched forms of organic P than profiles of typical lake sediments or soils (e.g., no phosphonates or polyphosphates). This was hypothesised to reflect either low P inputs via catchment runoff, or efficient utilisation due to strong P limitation. Conclusions Some evidence was found of changes in the distribution and form of organic P species in relation to anthropogenic activity and sediment processes. However, organic P concentrations were small and only represented a single sampling. Hence, additional work needs to examine if these changes relate to changes in in-stream productivity over time.

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Diagenesis of settling seston: identity and transformations of organic phosphorus

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Organic phosphorus in the aquatic environment

Organic phosphorus in the aquatic environment

Tube‐dwelling invertebrates: tiny ecosystem engineers have large effects in lake ecosystems

Speciation and distribution of organic phosphorus in river sediments: a national survey

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