Diabetic Vitrectomy

Okonkwo, Ogugua Ndubuisi

doi:10.5772/intechopen.91360

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…10 IVI have been used at the conclusion of vitreoretinal surgery and to manage recurrent postoperative haemorrhage. This adjunctive use of IVI has gained popularity for diabetic vitrectomy, 26 and is practiced in vitrectomy for PSCR. In our series, 41% (20 of 49) of vitrectomized eyes received adjunctive IVI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual outcome of treating proliferative sickle cell retinopathy in 108 eyes

Okonkwo,

Hassan,

Oyekunle

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim To report treatment methods and visual outcome of treating proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSCR). Design Retrospective interventional. Methods Review of PSCR eyes treated between 2017 to 2022. Patient demographics, fundus findings at presentation, genotype, PSCR stage, treatment used, and visual outcome were assessed. Results 108 eyes of 88 consecutive patients were studied. Male: Female 48:40. Mean age: 38.91 (SD:12.52) years. Genotype: sickle cell haemoglobin C (SC) 83 eyes (76.9%), sickle cell haemoglobin S (SS) 19 eyes (17.6%), and sickle cell trait (AS) 6 eyes (5.5%). PSCR stages: 3: 15 eyes (11.0%), 4: 74 eyes (67.0%), and 5: 19 eyes (22.0%). Treatment methods: Intravitreal Injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) only (27 eyes,25%), scatter retinal laser photocoagulation (SRLP) only (7 eyes, 6.5%), Vitrectomy + SRLP (29 eyes, 26.9%), IVI + SRLP (25 eyes, 23.1%), and Vitrectomy + IVI + SRLP (20 eyes, 18.5%). The treatment used correlated with PSCR stage (p = 0.000). IVI only was mostly used to treat stage 4 (81.4%), and SRLP only was used for stages 3 (42.9%) and 5 (57.1%). IVI + SRLP treated eyes had the best pre- and post-treatment vision. Vitrectomy + SRLP treated eyes had the most improved vision. SRLP only had least visual improvement. Fundus findings correlated with visual outcome (p = 0.003); but stage of PSCR, genotype and treatment used had no correlation (P > 0.05). Conclusion Several options effectively treat PSCR. Visual outcome improved or remained same in 90.7% of treated eyes. Randomized controlled trials will determine the optimum treatment for each distinct presentation of PSCR. Treatment guidelines and a disease classification system of prognostic value are unmet needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual outcome of treating proliferative sickle cell retinopathy in 108 eyes

Okonkwo,

Hassan,

Oyekunle

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…[ 8 ] In cases where a rhegmatogenous component to the TRD occurs, the progression of the disease could be more rapid, involving the macular within weeks or a few months depending on the site of traction. [ 9 10 ] Considerable retinal ischemia could be present in some cases, further complicating the already complex situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tractional retinal detachment: Prevalence and causes in nigerians

Okonkwo,

Nkanga,

Agweye

et al. 2023

J West Afr Coll Surg

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Aim: To determine the causes of tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in Nigerians. Materials and Methods: A prospective, multicentre study evaluating eyes diagnosed to have TRD. History, clinical examination (including visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, anterior segment examination and dilated fundoscopy) and systemic evaluation (including previous diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, sickle-cell disease and others) were performed in TRD eyes out of a cohort of retinal detachment eyes. Results: The prevalence of TRD of the 237 patients diagnosed with RD within a one-year study period was 25.7% (61 patients). Eighty eyes were diagnosed with TRD. Thirty-eight eyes of nineteen patients (31%) were bilateral, and 42 (69%) were unilateral. There were 38 male patients (62.3%) and 23 female patients (37.7%). The mean age was 52.3 ± 12.7 years (11–69 years). 88.5% of all TRD patients had an associated systemic disease, diabetes being the most common disease in 88.8% of them. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy was the most common cause of TRD (77.5%) and the most common cause of bilateral TRD. Both trauma and proliferative sickle-cell retinopathy occurred in 3.8% of the eyes. 68.8% of TRD eyes were blind at the presentation. However, the causes of TRD did not show any significant association with blindness ( P = 0.819). Conclusion: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy poses a significant threat to vision, being the most common cause of TRD. Early detection and treatment of proliferative retinopathy in diabetes and sickle-cell disease, and trauma prevention will significantly reduce the burden of blindness due to TRD.

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“…A casca de ovo de galinha é formada basicamente por 93,7% de carbonato de cálcio, 4,2% de material orgânico, 1,3% de carbonato de magnésio e 0,8% de fosfato de cálcio (WINTON, 2003 apud OKONKWO;ODIONG;AKPABIO, 2012). Ao supor que esse resíduo seja formado somente por carbonato de cálcio, tem-se a sua reação de queima demonstrada na Equação 1.…”

Section: Pó De Casca De Ovo De Galinhaunclassified

Incorporação de pó de casca de ovo de galinha em misturas de solo-cimento

Regalin Júnior,

Nienov

2022

Conhec. em Const.

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O solo é um dos elementos mais importantes dentro da engenharia, visto que ele serve como suporte para as construções. Desse modo, torna-se evidente o conhecimento das características na determinação da capacidade de suporte. Quando o solo por si só não consegue atender aos esforços impostos, cabe a necessidade do seu melhoramento, o que possibilita ganho de resistência. Nesse contexto, a casca de ovo de galinha, insumo composto basicamente por carbonato de cálcio, traz consigo características benéficas para o uso em melhoramento de solo. Sendo assim, o presente estudo avalia o uso de biochares (cinza ou carvão vegetal), feitos por meio da incineração de cascas de ovos de galinha em diferentes temperaturas, juntamente com solo argiloso e cimento, em teores variados. Para isso, determinou-se a resistência à compressão simples de corpos de prova cilíndricos e o índice de atividade pozolânica, esse último com incorporação de biochares, que foram produzidos a 400, 500 e 600 oC. Os traços adotados tiveram substituição de solo por biochar nos teores de 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% e 12%, e adição de cimento sob a massa total de 8%. De modo geral, o aumento do teor de substituição de solo por biochar provocou o ganho de resistência à compressão simples, na tendência de 18,1%. Além disso, o traço com 12% de substituição do solo por biohcar, obtido com incineração a 500 oC, e 8% de adição de cimento sobre a massa total demonstrou um ganho de resistência de 29,7% em relação ao traço composto somente por solo e 8% de adição de cimento, demonstrando assim benefícios no uso do resíduo. Enquanto isso, o índice de atividade pozolânica não foi superior a 90% em nenhum dos casos, o que não caracteriza os biochares como sendo materiais pozolânicos. Entretanto, observa-se que o acréscimo da temperatura de incineração das cascas de ovos no preparo do biochar trouxe consigo o aumento de até 9% do índice de atividade pozolânica. Sendo assim, a utilização das cinzas de cascas de ovos em misturas com solo argiloso e cimento traz consigo um potencial benéfico, tanto pelo ganho de resistência, como pelo reaproveitamento de um resíduo.

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Diabetic Vitrectomy

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Visual outcome of treating proliferative sickle cell retinopathy in 108 eyes

Visual outcome of treating proliferative sickle cell retinopathy in 108 eyes

Tractional retinal detachment: Prevalence and causes in nigerians

Incorporação de pó de casca de ovo de galinha em misturas de solo-cimento

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