Diabetic Polyneuropathy

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that develops against the background of insulin deficiency as a result of a decrease in its production or impaired receptor perception by target cells. As a result of impaired glucose metabolism, a state of chronic hyperglycemia develops, which has a detrimental effect on a number of organs and systems. One of such systems that are negatively affected by an increase in glucose concentration against the background of a general violation of all types of metabolism is the nervous system, in particular, its peripheral part. Approximately every second patient with diabetes eventually develops a state of diabetic polyneuropathy (chronic sensorimotor polyneuropathy or distal symmetric polyneuropathy), which is characterized by progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves with the development of pain, motor disorders and loss of sensitivity.