Diabetic CVD – Focus on Vitamin D

Bonakdaran, Shokoufeh; Rokni, Haleh

doi:10.2174/187152512802651088

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…12, 13, 14, 15, 38 Vitamin D levels are also correlated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. 12, 13, 14, 15, 38 Vitamin D deficiency potentially may impact the development of diabetic retinopathy in several ways, such as affecting insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, influencing inflammation, immunosuppression, microvascular and macrovascular events, and angiogeneisis. 16, 17, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycated hemoglobin A1C and vitamin D and their association with diabetic retinopathy severity

2017

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Objectives:This retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study evaluated the association between vitamin D deficiency and retinopathy severity in diabetic patients with poorly or well controlled glycaemia. Other potential risk factors for diabetic retinopathy severity were also assessed.Methods:The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008 data were used for the study. Outcomes assessed included retinopathy severity, HbA1c levels, socioeconomic, behavioral, and biological factors. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate association of different parameters with retinopathy severity. The interaction among HbA1c control, vitamin D deficiency, and retinopathy severity were also explored.Results:The population included 842 adults (52.8% women) with mean age of 61.2 years. Retinopathy was detected in 301 subjects (35.7%). Mild non-proliferative retinopathy (NPR) was present in 195 subjects (23.2%), severe non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy in 106 subjects (12.6%). Multivariate ordinal regression analysis found being male (odds ratio (OR): 1.602, P=0.001), increased duration of diabetes (OR: 1.072, P=3.77E−7) and poorly controlled HbA1c (OR: 3.522, P=2.00E−5) were associated with greater retinopathy severity. The association between vitamin D deficiency and retinopathy severity only found in diabetic patients with well controlled glycaemia.Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that vitamin D deficiency associated with severe diabetic retinopathy in patients with well controlled diabetes. The findings provide possible relationship for the previous conflict results, and highlight the need for controlling modifiable risk factors to reduce the development of sever diabetic retinopathy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycated hemoglobin A1C and vitamin D and their association with diabetic retinopathy severity

2017

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“…The potential role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been summarized earlier [ 41 , 42 ]. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with asymptomatic cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D & its analogues in type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review

Chokhandre

Mahmoud

Hakami

et al. 2015

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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Nephropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes often leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and found to be regulated by nuclear receptors such as vitamin D receptors (VDR). Vitamin D and its analogues have been effectively used in patients with CKD. The review attempts to summarize the available evidence on the role of vitamin D in DN. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies assessing the role of vitamin D or its analogues on kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients. Studies evaluating kidney functions (urinary albumin/protein creatinine ratio, albuminuria and eGFR) were included and quality and risk of bias assessment performed. Additionally effect on 25 (OH) vitamin D, calcium and HbA1c were evaluated. The mean or its % change along with their standard deviation (SD) was used for reporting our results. RevMan (V5.2) was used for data analysis. Six studies included in this review evaluated the role of cholecalciferol, calcitriol and paricalcitol in patients with DN. Study designs differed (three randomized, one non-randomized and two uncontrolled trials) with varying degree of quality and risk of biases. Vitamin D analogues showed significant improvement in kidney function in two randomized studies. None of the studies reported significant incidences of hypercalcemia. Vitamin D analogues show significant improvement of kidney function in DN. Randomized controlled trials with longer duration, comparing the efficacy of vitamin D and its analogues are needed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40200-015-0186-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…However, the data on the effects of Vitamin D on diastolic function in patients with CAD are limited. The low Vitamin D levels commonly observed among Type 2 diabetics [9] may be among the factors explaining their increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [9,10]. Diastolic dysfunction has been reported to be common among diabetic patients [11], and diabetic subjects have higher left ventricular mass index, higher left atrium volume and lower ejection fraction [12] than non-diabetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%