“…Fe 3 O 4 particles have received increasing attention in the past few decades and are considered one of the most promising biomaterials for various applications, such as targeted delivery of genes, molecular imaging, stem cell tracking, enzyme-like biocatalysts, and tissue repair [ 22 , 23 ]. Moreover, owing to their effective biocompatibility and unique magnetic behavior, Fe 3 O 4 particles can be conjugated with targeting moieties, such as nucleic acids, antibodies, enzymes, and cell lines [ 16 , 19 , [24] , [25] , [26] ].…”