Diabetic cardiomyopathy: The role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic and preventive strategies to mitigate the disease’s debilitating effects. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCMP) is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients globally. DCMP manifests as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and myocardial interstitial fibrosis before progressing to heart failure. Evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate diabetic cardiomyopathy-related processes such as insulin resistance, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation, emphasizing their heart-protective effects. This paper reviewed the literature data from animal and human studies on the non-trivial roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the context of DCMP in diabetes and demonstrated their future potential in DCMP treatment in diabetic patients.

Diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications: The role of microRNAs

“…DCMP has been associated with poor prognosis and an increased risk for overt HF in patients with DM [15] . The diagnosis of DCMP is based on echocardiography for the detection of structural and functional alterations in the myocardium [14] .…”

“…Cardiomyocytes with impaired metabolism are more likely to uptake and oxidize free fatty acids, which can promote lipotoxicity and, consequently, cardiomyocyte mortality [109] . Lipid accumulation in ECs can also slow nitric oxide bioavailability, which aggravates endothelial dysfunction and accelerates atherosclerosis [14] . Augmented ROS generation resulting from increased intracellular fatty acid concentrations and mitochondrial dysfunction further enhances OS and ERS while limiting autophagy [112] .…”

“…This syndrome, collectively named DCMP [11] , is defined as DM-induced morphological and functional cardiac abnormalities affecting hyperglycemic patients, which results in left ventricular (LV) remodeling, increased LV mass, and impaired systolic and diastolic function [12,13] . DCMP can clinically present www.cardiologyplus.org Macvanin MT and Isenovic ER: Cardiology Plus as either a restrictive or dilated form [14] . The restrictive phenotype refers to HF with preserved ejection fraction, whereas the dilated phenotype represents HF with reduced ejection fraction.…”

“…The restrictive phenotype refers to HF with preserved ejection fraction, whereas the dilated phenotype represents HF with reduced ejection fraction. In both cases, DM increases the risk of hospitalization and fatal outcome [3,14] . DCMP has been associated with poor prognosis and an increased risk for overt HF in patients with DM [15] .…”

Exercício Físico E Ansiedade No Adolescente

“…Os tratamentos para ansiedade geralmente são utilizados psicoterapias, psiquiatrias e medicamentos, no entanto, há evidências que o exercício físico é uma possibilidade não farmacológica para utilização no tratamento. A prática regular de exercício físico é capaz de proporcionar efeitos de descontração, melhora na tensão muscular causada pelo estresse, e maiores produções dos hormônios de bem-estar e prazer como a serotonina, aumento da capacidade funcional, consequentemente melhoras na qualidade de vida, autoestima e relações emocionais (COSTA, 2021;2023).…”