Diabetes Ten City Challenge: Final economic and clinical results

Economic Evaluation of a Pharmaceutical Care Program for Elderly Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients in Primary Health Care: A 36-Month Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…16 The Diabetes Ten City Challenge showed that diabetic patients who received care from community pharmacists had a $1,079 reduction of their mean total direct medical costs per patient per year. 17 The pharmaceutical care program in our study demonstrated an acceptable cost-effectiveness ratio. Other studies also found favorable cost-effectiveness ratios for pharmaceutical care in the management of diabetes and hypertension.…”

“…[14][15][16][17] Previous studies have verified that pharmaceutical care is useful for achieving adequate disease control for diabetes mellitus and hypertension in elderly patients. [18][19][20][21][22] However, to the authors' knowledge, most of the published studies have focused on the clinical outcomes of pharmaceutical care, and few studies have reported the economic cost and cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical care.…”

“…[18][19][20][21][22] However, to the authors' knowledge, most of the published studies have focused on the clinical outcomes of pharmaceutical care, and few studies have reported the economic cost and cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical care. The few studies that evaluated the economic cost and cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical care for diabetes and hypertension management were of short duration; 14,15,17,23,24 were performed in developed countries; [14][15][16][17] and did not focus on the elderly population. [14][15][16][17]23,24 Thus, we conducted a long-term (36 months) study that focused on the elderly population and evaluated the economic cost and cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical care in the management of diabetes and hypertension in the primary public health care system in a developing country.…”

The Integral Role of the Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner in Primary Care

“…Results demonstrated statistically significant decreases in hemoglobin A1c and LDL, improvements in HDL, decreased sick days, and decreased total health care costs compared to baseline [5]. The Ten City Challenge replicated the Asheville Project, and demonstrated that quality metrics for blood pressure, lipid panels, and hemoglobin A1c improved, and vaccinations and eye exams increased [6]. Moreover, the interventions made by the pharmacists decreased health care costs by $1,079 per patient [6].…”

Implementation of a financially incentivized weight loss competition into an already established employee wellness program

“…Utilizing pharmacist's clinical expertise and knowledge of pharmacological and non-pharmacological disease state therapy, previous research has shown that pharmacistdirected services can have a significant effect on patient's clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] A study by DiDonato, et al demonstrated that pharmacist-directed wellness coaching provided significant improvements in cardiovascular risk. 22 Pharmacist providers of the DiDonato, et al study provided education and coaching for patients categorized into cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, and weight monitoring groups.…”