Diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in public hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: A multicenter study

Abstract

Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing steadily at an alarming rate. Ethiopia is placed fourth among the top five countries of the African region members of the international diabetes federation. This study aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending public hospitals of the Tigray region. Methods An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in six selected hospitals of Tigray region from January to February 2020. Study participants were recruited using a systematic random sampling method. Diabetes self-care practice was assessed using Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) assessment tool. The data were collected by trained nurses via face-to-face interview. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with self-care practices. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results A total of 570 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this study. The mean (SD) age of the participant was 46 (±14.6) years. Less than half (46.7%) of the participants had good diabetes self-care practices. Surprisingly, only 68 (11.9%) of the participants had access to a personal glucometer. Urban residency (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.20–2.94), age group 48–63 years (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.19–3.98), not having a formal education (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.32–5.25), having family support (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.24–2.85), and having a personal glucometer at home (AOR = 6.1, 95% CI = 2.83–13.0) were the factors associated with good diabetes self-care practices. Conclusion The diabetes self-care practice in the region was found to be poor. Where factors like, being an urban resident, age group between 49–63 years, not having a formal education, and having a personal glucometer at home were associated with good self-care practices. Health care providers might have to consider actions to act on the identified factors and improve the level of self-care practices of the patients.

Self-care practice and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending public hospitals in Gurage zone southwest, Ethiopia

“…This finding was in line with the study conducted in central Tigray hospital 62.7% [27], and west Ethiopia at 57.3% [28]. However, this finding was higher than a study conducted at Debre Tabor University 36.9% [29], in Addis Ababa Ethiopia 52% [30], Jimma medical center 45.8% [31], in Tigray 53.3% [19]. The possible reasons could be the…”

“…This finding was in line with the study conducted in central Tigray hospital 62.7% [ 27 ], and west Ethiopia at 57.3% [ 28 ]. However, this finding was higher than a study conducted at Debre Tabor University 36.9% [ 29 ], in Addis Ababa Ethiopia 52% [ 30 ], Jimma medical center 45.8% [ 31 ], in Tigray 53.3% [ 19 ]. The possible reasons could be the difference in socio-cultural variation, lifestyle, and inadequate access to glucose monitoring machines, test strips, and levels of education in the patients were differences in self-care practice.…”

“…Using a single population proportion formula, the sample size was calculated. With the assumption of a 5% margin of error, a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a 5% non-response rate, the percentage of DM self-care practice from the prior study in the Tegray region (46.7%) [ 19 ].…”

Self-care Practice and associated factors among Adults with Diabetes on Chronic Care Follow-up at Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…Previous studies conducted in Ethiopia showed that the overall prevalence of good diabetes self-care behavior varied widely among diabetic patients ranging from 28.4-76.8% [14][15][16]. This wide variation in self-care practice is expected for a multinational country like Ethiopia that has socioeconomic and cultural varieties.…”

Poor Self-Care Practices and Associated Factors among Type 2 Adult Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up Care at Public Health Facilities of Adama Town, Oromia, Ethiopia

“…It results from a defect in insulin secretion, defective insulin action, or both, which leads over time to serious damage to different organs [1 ].According to the international diabetics Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas 2019, there are an estimated 463 million(9.3%) people with diabetes aged from 18-79, and the number of people to rise beyond 700 million in less than 25 years worldwide if not controlled. Of these people, 19.4 million adults live in Africa and Ethiopia is one of the members of IDF with 1.7 million people with diabetes [2,3].…”