Diabetes Risk Obese Among Indonesian Adults with Metabolic Syndrome by 6-Years Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity is high in Indonesia. It was associated with the increasing prevalence of diabetes (DM). Metabolic syndrome (MS) is known could increase DM prevalence. It is important to understand if the DM incidence is higher among those who have MS among obese. Objective: To determine DM risk obese among Indonesian adults with MS. Methods: Since 2011, Indonesia has conducted a prospective cohort study of NCD risk factors in Bogor City. Incident of DM during a median follow-up of 6 years was assessed among 5192 adults include 752 adults with MS. Diagnosis of DM determined by clinical examination and fasting blood glucose levels, i.e. ≥ 126 mg / dL and/or results of blood glucose 2 hours after glucose load, i.e. ≥ 200mg/dL. Consistency of high BMI was used to define obesity (≥30 kg/m 2). MS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Results: The incidence rate of DM among adults with MS was 74 per 1,000 person-years. The incidence rate of DM among adult with MS and obese was 98 per 1,000 person-years. Meanwhile, among adult with MS but not obese was 25 per 1,000 person-years. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, and family history of diabetes, a higher DM risk was observed among MS-obesecompared with MSnon obese (HR 3.64 [95% CI 2.36-5.66]. Therefore, DM risk obese among Indonesian adults with MS is high. Interventional programs are important to MS treatment and obese prevention including promoting awareness of healthy lifestyle changes.