Diabetes mellitus is associated with acquisition and increased mortality in HIV-uninfected patients with cryptococcosis: A population-based study

Lin, Kuo‐Hsi; Chen, Chih‐Ming; Chen, Te‐Li; Kuo, Shu‐Chen; Kao, C. M.; Jeng, Yung Ming; Ho, Mao‐Wang

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.01.016

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In 2016, Lin et al. conducted the largest epidemiological study, which recruited nearly 23,000 cryptococcosis cases and other‐disease controls, and first confirmed DM II as a definite independent contributing factor for cryptococcosis‐related morbidity and mortality in the Chinese population . However, there has not yet been a molecular epidemiological, demographical and clinical summarisation of cryptococcosis in DM II patients until now, especially among the Chinese population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is very common to find the co‐existence of multiple comorbid diseases in one patient among the non‐HIV cryptococcosis population, including but not limited to those with DM II. The cryptococcosis cases in this study were characterised by the relatively frequent existence of underlying diseases besides DM II (43%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the post‐highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, the changing epidemiology of cryptococcal diseases among HIV patients has been characterised by decreases in incidence and mortality . However, among non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) that affect the human population, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, kidney transplantation, nephrotic syndrome and diabetes mellitus II (DM II), cryptococcosis has received continued attention . In contrast with HIV‐related cryptococcosis, the clinical features of which have been adequately described in previous studies, the epidemiology and manifestations of cryptococcosis in NCDs that affect the human population, including DM II, are unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tion,11 including but not limited to those with DM II. The cryptococcosis cases in this study were characterised by the relatively frequent existence of underlying diseases besides DM II (43%).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcosis in patients with diabetes mellitus II in mainland China: 1993‐2015

Fang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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Diabetes mellitus II (DM II) is a newly defined independent factor contributing to the morbidity and mortality of cryptococcosis. This retrospective case analysis aims to explore the epidemiology, clinical profile and strain characteristics of cryptococcosis in Chinese DM II patients. This study included 30 cases of cryptococcosis with DM II occurring from 1993 to 2015 in mainland China. The hospital-based prevalence of cryptococcosis in DM II was 0.21%. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 years (95% confidence interval: 51.5, 60.6), and 93% of the patients were older than 40 years. Sixty-two per cent of the patients experienced untreated or poorly controlled blood glucose before infection. Multilocus sequence typing analysis categorised all cultured strains as Cryptococcus neoformans and sequence type 5. Sixty-nine per cent of pulmonary cryptococcosis patients experienced misdiagnoses and treatment delays. Sixty per cent of cryptococcal meningitis patients received substandard antifungal therapy. The overall death rate was 33%. Considering the large population size of DM II patients in China, improved attention should be paid to the high prevalence of cryptococcosis as revealed by us. We also emphasised the importance of blood glucose control for infection prevention, especially among the elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcosis in patients with diabetes mellitus II in mainland China: 1993‐2015

Fang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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“…Likewise, the presence of fever, headaches, altered mental status (AMS), weight loss, high dose steroid use or evidence of pleural effusion or pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates favor dissemination of Cryptococcus infection in patients with pulmonary disease [11, 6, 12, 13]. Other host factors associated with extra-pulmonary Cryptococcosis are male gender, fungemia, smoking, diabetes and Hispanic ethnicity [14–18]. Many of these predictors of cryptococcal meningitis have not been confirmed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Single United States Center Experience

et al. 2016

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Cryptococcal meningitis carries a high mortality. Further understanding of immune suppression factors associated with neuroinvasive infection will improve risk stratification and enhance early diagnosis and treatment with antifungal therapy. The aim of the study was to corroborate established or find novel clinical predictors for cryptococcal meningitis. We performed a matched case-control study of Cryptococcus infection in immunocompromised patients with or without cryptococcal meningitis. All patients with a diagnosis of cryptococcal disease were collected at University of Colorado Hospital between 2000 and 2015 (n=51). Thirty patients were diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis. We built a logistic regression model for risk factors associated with cryptococcal meningitis. The single predictor univariate model found that a positive blood culture, positive serum cryptococcal antigen, current malignancy, and headaches were significantly associated with cryptococcal meningitis (p= 0.02). In the adjusted multivariate model, central nervous system disease was significantly associated with a diagnosis of HIV infection (OR: 24.45, 95% CI: 1.62 – 350.37; p=0.022) and a positive serum cryptococcal antigen test (OR: 42.92, 95% CI: 3.26 – 555.55; p=0.0055). In patients with HIV infection or a positive serum cryptococcal antigen, the pre-test probability of neuroinvasive Cryptococcus infection is increased and an aggressive diagnostic evaluation should be conducted to exclude infection and consider empiric therapy.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 as a Risk Factor and Outcome Modifier for Cryptococcosis in HIV Negative, Non-transplant Patients, a Propensity Score Match Analysis

Kung,

Ferraz,

Kennis

et al. 2023

Curr Microbiol

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Diabetes mellitus is associated with acquisition and increased mortality in HIV-uninfected patients with cryptococcosis: A population-based study

Cited by 38 publications

References 26 publications

Cryptococcosis in patients with diabetes mellitus II in mainland China: 1993‐2015

Cryptococcosis in patients with diabetes mellitus II in mainland China: 1993‐2015

Risk Factors for Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Single United States Center Experience

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 as a Risk Factor and Outcome Modifier for Cryptococcosis in HIV Negative, Non-transplant Patients, a Propensity Score Match Analysis

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